Research and design of intense electron beam-plasma system

Zhang Dazhi; Zhang Dian; Yu Tongpu

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202638.250101

Article Contents

Article Navigation > High Power Laser and Particle Beams > 2026 > Accepted Manuscript

Zhang Dazhi, Zhang Dian, Yu Tongpu. Research and design of intense electron beam-plasma system[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250101

Citation:

Zhang Dazhi, Zhang Dian, Yu Tongpu. Research and design of intense electron beam-plasma system[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250101

Zhang Dazhi, Zhang Dian, Yu Tongpu. Research and design of intense electron beam-plasma system[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250101

Citation:

Zhang Dazhi, Zhang Dian, Yu Tongpu. Research and design of intense electron beam-plasma system[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250101

PDF( 12532 KB)

Research and design of intense electron beam-plasma system

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250101

Zhang Dazhi^1
,,
Zhang Dian^{2
,
,},
Yu Tongpu^{1
,
,}

1.
College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
2.
College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

Received Date: 2025-09-30
Accepted Date: 2025-12-02
Rev Recd Date: 2025-12-20

Available Online: 2025-12-29

Abstract

Abstract

Background
The intense electron beam-plasma system serves as an important platform for investigating beam-plasma interactions. Research in this field focuses on the design of electron beam window and the transport characteristics of electron beam in plasma.
Purpose
The study aims to design and evaluate the electron beam window with excellent comprehensive performance, and to investigate the physical mechanisms underlying the focusing and transmission of intense annular electron beams in plasma.
Methods
Finite element analysis and Monte Carlo simulations were employed to compare and evaluate the mechanical, thermal, and transmission properties of candidate window materials. Theoretical analysis and particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations were used to study the self-focusing transmission behavior of intense annular electron beams in plasma.
Results
The TC4 titanium alloy window with a thickness of only 0.04 mm was found sufficient to withstand a pressure differential of 10 kPa. It achieved an energy transmission efficiency exceeding 90% while maintaining controllable temperature variations. The physical mechanism of self-focusing transmission of intense annular electron beams in plasma under conditions of 500 kV and 20 kA was revealed, clarifying the relationship between the focusing transmission period of the electron beam and the plasma density. Furthermore, an equivalent relationship between plasma density and magnetic field was established based on the correspondence between the plasma oscillation period and the electron beam cyclotron period.
Conclusions
The research demonstrates that TC4 titanium alloy is a suitable material for electron beam window, offering high transmission efficiency and structural stability. It also elucidates the self-focusing transmission mechanism of intense annular electron beams in plasma and establishes a periodic equivalent relationship between plasma and magnetic fields for electron beam transport.
- intense annular electron beam,
- plasma,
- beam-plasma system,
- electron beam window,
- coaxial cylindrical waveguide

FullText(HTML)

References(20)

References

[1]	Sprangle P, Esarey E, Krall J, et al. Propagation and guiding of intense laser pulses in plasmas[J]. Physical Review Letters, 1992, 69(15): 2200-2203. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.69.2200
[2]	Yao H B, Yang X H, Zhang G B, et al. Stable transport of relativistic electron beams in plasmas[J]. Journal of Plasma Physics, 2022, 88: 905880105. doi: 10.1017/S002237782100132X
[3]	Shafir G, Krasik Y E, Bliokh Y P, et al. Ionization-induced self-channeling of an ultrahigh-power subnanosecond microwave beam in a neutral gas[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2018, 120: 135003. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.135003
[4]	Pompili R, Anania M P, Biagioni A, et al. Acceleration and focusing of relativistic electron beams in a compact plasma device[J]. Physical Review E, 2024, 109: 055202. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.109.055202
[5]	Craxton R S, Anderson K S, Boehly T R, et al. Direct-drive inertial confinement fusion: a review[J]. Physics of Plasmas, 2015, 22: 110501. doi: 10.1063/1.4934714
[6]	Goebel D M, Butler J M, Schumacher R W, et al. High-power microwave source based on an unmagnetized backward-wave oscillator[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 1994, 22(5): 547-553. doi: 10.1109/27.338267
[7]	周华芳, 唐昌建. 相对论电子束在离子通道中的聚焦与输运[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2008, 20(1): 147-150 Zhou Huafang, Tang Changjian. Propagation of relativistic electron beams in ion-focusing channel[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2008, 20(1): 147-150
[8]	Yang Shengpeng, Tang Changjian, Chen Shaoyong, et al. Formation condition of virtual cathode in the relativistic electron beam-plasma system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2019, 47(11): 4984-4987. doi: 10.1109/TPS.2019.2946937
[9]	Xia Yuxi, Yang Shengpeng, Chen Shaoyong, et al. Focusing characteristics of the relativistic electron beam transmitting in ion channel[J]. Plasma Science and Technology, 2020, 22: 085001. doi: 10.1088/2058-6272/ab785d
[10]	Xia Yuxi, Yang Shengpeng, Chen Shaoyong, et al. Current reflux from an electron beam transmitted in a plasma ion channel[J]. Physics of Plasmas, 2021, 28: 013508. doi: 10.1063/5.0026989
[11]	Liu Yangchun, Wu Dong, Liang Tianyi, et al. Manipulation of annular electron beams in plasmas[J]. Physics of Plasmas, 2025, 32: 043107. doi: 10.1063/5.0250040
[12]	Vidmar R J. Practical E-beam generation of air plasma for airborne applications[R]. ADA565343, 2009.
[13]	Vorobyov M S, Kovalsky S S, Koval N N. An automated system for measuring the current density of a pulse–periodic electron beam with a large cross section[J]. Instruments and Experimental Techniques, 2018, 61(6): 849-855. doi: 10.1134/S0020441218050251
[14]	Egorov I, Poloskov A, Serebrennikov M, et al. Self-bearing membrane exit window with the separate anode for sub-microsecond electron accelerator[J]. Vacuum, 2020, 173: 109111. doi: 10.1016/j.vacuum.2019.109111
[15]	Poloskov A, Egorov I, Nashilevskiy A, et al. Submicrosecond electron accelerator based on pulsed transformer[J]. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2020, 969: 163951. doi: 10.1016/j.nima.2020.163951
[16]	Zhu B L, Ma Y, Yan S Q, et al. Plasmas generated by electron beam passing through diamond window[J]. Journal of Applied Physics, 2020, 128: 135302. doi: 10.1063/5.0022208
[17]	Zhu B L, Yan S Q, Chen Yue, et al. Investigation on property of electron beam plasma with diamond window[J]. Plasma Sources Science and Technology, 2022, 31: 025012. doi: 10.1088/1361-6595/ac4c4d
[18]	Seltzer S M, Berger M J. Evaluation of the collision stopping power of elements and compounds for electrons and positrons[J]. The International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 1982, 33(11): 1189-1218. doi: 10.1016/0020-708X(82)90244-7
[19]	Miller R B. An introduction to the physics of intense charged particle beams[M]. New York: Springer, 1982.
[20]	Swanekamp S B, Holloway J P, Kammash T, et al. The theory and simulation of relativistic electron beam transport in the ion-focused regime[J]. Physics of Fluids B: Plasma Physics, 1992, 4(5): 1332-1348. doi: 10.1063/1.860088