Research progress on hohlraum energy deficit in inertial confinement fusion

Qin Xuelong; Zhao Hang; Li Qi; Pan Kaiqiang; Liu Yaoyuan; Li Sanwei; Zhang Lu; Yang Dong; Gong Tao; Li Zhichao

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202638.250346

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Qin Xuelong, Zhao Hang, Li Qi, et al. Research progress on hohlraum energy deficit in inertial confinement fusion[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250346

Citation:

Qin Xuelong, Zhao Hang, Li Qi, et al. Research progress on hohlraum energy deficit in inertial confinement fusion[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250346

Qin Xuelong, Zhao Hang, Li Qi, et al. Research progress on hohlraum energy deficit in inertial confinement fusion[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250346

Citation:

Qin Xuelong, Zhao Hang, Li Qi, et al. Research progress on hohlraum energy deficit in inertial confinement fusion[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250346

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Research progress on hohlraum energy deficit in inertial confinement fusion

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250346

Laser Fusion Research Center, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China

Received Date: 2025-10-14
Accepted Date: 2026-01-12
Rev Recd Date: 2026-01-27

Available Online: 2026-02-12

Abstract

Abstract

In indirect-drive laser inertial confinement fusion (ICF), the precise calculation of X-ray drive intensity at the capsule is crucial for accurately predicting the implosion performance of deuterium-tritium fuel capsules. Achieving this requires detailed radiation-hydrodynamic simulations that accurately capture processes such as laser-to-X-ray conversion and X-ray absorption losses at the hohlraum walls. However, since the inception of the National Ignition Campaign at the National Ignition Facility (NIF), radiation-hydrodynamic simulations have consistently overestimated the experimentally measured X-ray drive flux intensity at the capsule, reflecting the widespread presence of hohlraum energy deficits. Although extensive experimental studies have been conducted at NIF along with continuous optimization of its radiation-hydrodynamic simulation models, the challenging issue of hohlraum energy deficit remains unresolved, constituting one of the critical barriers to achieving high-gain inertial confinement fusion. This paper systematically reviews the critical research developments regarding hohlraum energy deficit at NIF and introduces the methods adopted by NIF and China for characterizing the X-ray radiation flux intensity at the capsule.
- inertial confinement fusion,
- hohlraum,
- energy deficit,
- radiation flux,
- research progress

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References(40)

References

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