300 kV pre-ionization annular-cathode gas switch

Wang Gang; Jia Biao; Liu Shifei

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202638.250444

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Wang Gang, Jia Biao, Liu Shifei. 300 kV pre-ionization annular-cathode gas switch[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250444

Citation:

Wang Gang, Jia Biao, Liu Shifei. 300 kV pre-ionization annular-cathode gas switch[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250444

Wang Gang, Jia Biao, Liu Shifei. 300 kV pre-ionization annular-cathode gas switch[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250444

Citation:

Wang Gang, Jia Biao, Liu Shifei. 300 kV pre-ionization annular-cathode gas switch[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250444

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300 kV pre-ionization annular-cathode gas switch

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250444

Key Laboratory on Science and Technology on High Power Microwave, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, China

Received Date: 2025-12-09
Accepted Date: 2026-01-08
Rev Recd Date: 2026-01-10

Available Online: 2026-01-29

Abstract

Abstract

Background
The rapid advancement of high-power pulse technology towards practical application imposes higher demands on the self-breakdown stability of high-voltage gas switches.
Purpose
This paper proposes a pre-ionization cathode switch concept, which utilizes an auxiliary annular blade edge to regulate initial electrons and an annular hemisphere to conduct the main current. A 300 kV-level pre-ionization annular cathode gas switch was designed.
Methods
With a switch gap of 35 mm, the field enhancement factor at the blade edge of the pre-ionization switch was designed to be 6.2, resulting in a ratio of 3.2 compared to the field enhancement factor at the hemisphere. Experimental investigations on the breakdown characteristics under microsecond-level pulses were conducted.
Results
The results indicate that in nitrogen at 0.5 MPa and a repetition rate of 1 Hz, the pre-ionization gas switch achieved an average breakdown voltage of 322.5 kV with a amplitude jitter of 0.44%. Compared to a pure annular hemispherical switch, the pre-ionization switch exhibits a 17.6% reduction in breakdown voltage and an 82% decrease in amplitude jitter.
Conclusions
The experimental study demonstrates that this pre-ionization gas switch offers significant advantages in achieving high voltage and low jitter.
- self-breakdown,
- gas switches,
- low jitter,
- pre-ionization,
- annular cathode

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References(15)

References

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