Comparative study of electron seeding in multipactor test
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摘要: 为改进微放电试验的有效性，针对微放电试验中种子电子的加载方法进行了研究，介绍了辐射源、紫外光源、电子枪三种加载方法，并说明和比较了上述方法的优缺点和适用范围。接着重点介绍了两种辐射源加载种子电子的方法：β衰变和γ跃迁，并对两种方法加载种子电子的特性进行了定量分析。所得结果表明，基于β衰变的90Sr及同时进行β衰变和γ跃迁的137Cs均可产生能够穿透毫米量级铝质微波部件壁厚的不同数量的种子电子, 适合用于微放电试验中的种子电子加载。Abstract: Aiming at improving the effectiveness of the experimental multipactor tests, three different methods of electron seeding based on radioactive sources, ultra violet light sources and electron gun are investigated. Advantages and application range of these methods are introduced and compared. Then, two radioactive sources, β decay and γ transition, are particularly discussed, and their characteristics of electron seeding are quantitatively analyzed. The obtained result shows that both methods can be used to generate seeding electrons that can penetrate millimeter-level aluminum walls of microwave devices, suitable for electron seedings in high-power multipactor tests for microwave components.
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Key words:
- multipactor /
- test /
- seeding /
- radioactive source /
- electron gun
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图 2 紫外光源加载种子电子示意图
Figure 2. Electron seeding through photoelectric effect of ultraviolet(UV) light
图 4 活度为75 MBq的90Sr辐射源在100 μs时间内产生的电子能谱
Figure 4. Electron energy spectrum of a 90Sr source of 75 MBq in 100 μs
图 5 电子在铝材料中的穿过最大直线距离与能量之间的关系[9]
Figure 5. Range of electron in aluminium vs impact energy
图 6 活度为75 MBq的90Sr辐射源在100 μs时间内进入2 mm铝质板的电子能谱
Figure 6. Energy spectrum of electrons from a 90Sr source of 75 MBq in 100 μs going through a 2 mm aluminium wall
图 7 活度为75 MBq的137Cs辐射源在100 μs时间内β衰变产生的电子能谱
Figure 7. Electron energy spectrum of a 137 Cs source of 75 MBq through β decay in 100 μs
图 8 活度为75 MBq的137Cs辐射源在100 μs时间内产生的γ射线从左侧入射到2 mm铝板时右侧出射电子的能谱分布
Figure 8. Energy spectrum of electron from a 137Cs source of 75 MBq through γ transition in 100 μs going through a 2 mm aluminium wall
表 1 活度为75 MBq的90Sr和137Cs辐射源在100 μs时间穿过2 mm铝板产生种子电子特性比较
Table 1. Properties comparison of seeding electrons by 90Sr and 137Cs sources with 75 MBq in 100 μs going through a 2 mm aluminium wall
radioactive sources type of decay max energy/MeV seeding electron counts 90Sr β decay 1.28 3591 137Cs β decay and γ transition 0.662 25 
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