光电倍增管中子直照灵敏度响应
Energy response of photomultiplier tubes to neutron irradiation
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摘要: 光电倍增管的中子直照响应对脉冲中子探测器的设计和实际应用具有重要影响。分析了中子束直接照射光电倍增管产生直照响应的过程和机理。中子与光电倍增管入射窗硼硅玻璃中的硼和硅发生(n,α)和(n,p)反应，导致窗玻璃产生荧光，从而使光阴极发射光电子。在5SDH-2小串列加速器上，选用9815B和9850B两种光电倍增管进行实验，得到了光电倍增管的中子直照灵敏度能谱响应曲线。结果表明：中子能量由低到高变化时，光电倍增管的中子直照灵敏度也随之增大；两种光电倍增管的中子直照灵敏度比值为1.9×102~2.74×102，该值与其相应的增益比量级一致。Abstract: The photomultiplier tube (PMT) responding to direct neutron irradiation has an extreme effect on the scintillation detector design and its practical applications. The response mechanism of a photomultiplier tube interacting with an accelerator neutron source was investigated. 10B(n,α), 28Si(n,α） and 28Si(n,p) reactions in borosilicate glass of the end window lead to fluorescence yield, and then the fluorescence was converted into electrons by the photocathode. Experiments were carried out with EMI photomultiplier tubes (9815B and 9850B) at 5SDH-2 accelerator and the responses to neutrons with neutron energy ranging between 0.5 MeV and 5 MeV were obtained. The results show that the spectral sensitivities increase with the incident neutron energy. The sensitivity ratio of 9815B to 9850B i
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Key words:
- sensitivity /
- response of energy /
- photomultiplier tube /
- pulse neutron measurement
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