定向耦合法测量非标准接口元件驻波系数
A method to measure the voltage standing wave ratio of a component with nonstandard interface
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摘要: 利用网络分析仪，根据需要在设定的频率范围进行扫频测量，网络分析仪的端口1输出的微波信号经过微波传输转换器进入与待测非标准元件匹配连接的连接段（如波导）；网络分析仪的端口2连接定向耦合器，用于监测传输段内的反射微波信号。首先，在非标准接口端面连接短路面，通过网络分析仪测量反射信号在设定频点的相对幅度值；然后去掉短路面，在非标准接口端面连接待测元件，再次测量反射信号在特定频点的相对幅度值；最后根据本文推导的公式得出驻波系数。该方法的测量误差与定向耦合器的方向性（方向性系数越大越好）和待测元件驻波系数有关。将该方法运用在非标准接口匹配负载驻波系数的测量中，定向耦合器方向性系数取为40 dB，测得其驻波系数小于1.2，误差小于20%。该方法简便可行，可以用于测量常用的非标准接口元件尤其是非标准低驻波系数元件的驻波系数。Abstract: A method to precisely measure the voltage standing wave ratio(VSWR) of a component with nonstandard interfaces, named directional coupler method, is put forward in the paper. The measurement principle of the method is presented, and the errors by the method are analyzed. The errors relate to the directivity of the coupler and the VSWR of the component.The method is used to measure a matching load with nonstandard interfaces. The experimental results(VSWR value is less than 1.2) are achieved. The results prove that the method is feasible. The method has eased the problems of measuring the VSWR of a component with nonstandard interfaces, which is commonly involved in the researches of high power microwave.
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