一种紧凑型高功率脉冲调制器
Investigation of a compact pulse modulator
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摘要: 研制了一种基于水介质单同轴脉冲形成线型的高功率脉冲调制器，该调制器由初级储能电容器、脉冲变压器、水介质同轴脉冲形成线、氢气主开关和场发射真空二极管等组成。用Pspice电路软件对脉冲形成线的充电电压和二极管电压、电流进行了模拟，并用有限元软件分析了脉冲形成线的电场分布。当初级储能电容器组充电电压为35 kV, 氢气主开关导通电压高达520 kV时，在调制器场发射二极管输出电压约230 kV, 束流30 kA，脉宽约60 ns的高电压脉冲。此外，对主开关充不同类型的气体进行了实验研究，结果表明:氢气主开关的脉冲调制器能够在二极管上获得前沿更陡的高电压脉冲，并能有效地改善二极管电子束的性能。理论分析与实验结果基本一致。此种类型的调制器具有运行稳定、体积小、结构紧凑的特点。Abstract: A high power pulse modulator is presented. It is made up of capacitors, a trigger switch, an air core transformer, a water dielectric pulse forming line（PFL）, a hydrogen switch, and a field-emission vacuum diode. The circuit simulation saftware Pspice was used to calculate the diode voltage, diode current and charging voltage of PFL. The static electric field of the PFL and switch is analyzed. When the hydrogen switch breakdown voltage was 520 kV, a 60 ns pulse width and 230 kV, 30 kA pulse was obtained on the field-emission diode. The rise times values of diode voltage with different gases such as H2, N2, SF6 in man swithch have been compared.It is concluded that hydrogen switch can reduce the rise time of diode voltage obviously. The results are in agreement with theory etical analyses
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Key words:
- hydrogen switch /
- pulse forming line /
- pulse modulator /
- rise time /
- field-emission vacuum diode
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