Design of a vacuum diode-based high power microwave detector
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摘要: 基于真空二极管设计了一种X波段大功率微波检波器,该检波器主要由真空二极管、BJ-100波导、调谐螺栓、低通滤波器和直流电源组成,其工作频率可根据需要在8.6~9.8 GHz范围内调谐。重点阐述该型大功率微波检波器的结构设计、实验室标定及辐射场测量实验结果,研究了不同脉宽和不同灯丝电压与检波特性的依赖关系。实验结果表明:该型检波器具有承受微波脉冲功率高(大于7 kW)、响应快(响应时间小于2.0 ns)、动态范围大、输出信号幅度高(可达数十V)、不需要同步信号等特点,适用于在高功率微波干扰环境下的单次和高重复频率脉冲功率测量。Abstract: In this paper, a highly sensitive waveguide-type high power microwave (HPM) detector using a vacuum diode is designed, manufactured and experimented, aiming at directly measuring the HPM pulses at X-band. It consists of a WR-90 waveguide, a 6D16D vacuum diode, a low-pass filter andthree tuning screws. Our experiments at 9.3 GHz show that the detector can detect about 40 dB greater pulsed microwave power up to 10 kW compared with crystal diodes, its response time is less than 2 ns, the large output signal from the detector is available (up to 7 V/kW), and it can reliably operate free from electromagnetic interference at free space power density more than 2 kW/cm2.
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Key words:
- high power microwave /
- vacuum diode /
- microwave power sensor /
- power measurement
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