电磁发射装置轨道热管理冷却管道的力学设计

林灵淑; 袁伟群; 赵莹; 王志增; 严萍

doi:10.11884/HPLPB201830.170322

电磁发射装置轨道热管理冷却管道的力学设计

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201830.170322

林灵淑^{1, 2,},
袁伟群²,
赵莹²,
王志增²,
严萍^{2, 3, ,}

1.
中国科学院大学, 北京 100190
2.
中国科学院电工研究所, 北京 100190
3.
中国科学院电力电子与电力驱动重点实验室, 北京 100190

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 51237007

国家自然科学基金项目 51207178

详细信息

作者简介:
林灵淑(1991—)，女，博士研究生，主要从事脉冲功率技术的研究；linlingshu13@mail.iee.ac.cn

通讯作者:
严萍(1966—)，女，博士，研究员，主要从事高电压绝缘技术和脉冲大电流放电技术的研究；pingyan@mail.iee.ac.cn

中图分类号: TM89
计量
- 文章访问数: 1013
- HTML全文浏览量: 278
- PDF下载量: 166
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2017-08-25
- 修回日期: 2017-10-23
- 刊出日期: 2018-02-15

Mechanical design of rail cooling pipe for electromagnetic launcher

Lin Lingshu^{1, 2
,},
Yuan Weiqun²,
Zhao Ying²,
Wang Zhizeng²,
Yan Ping^{2, 3
, ,}

1.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
2.
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
3.
Key Laboratory of Power Electronics and Electric Drive, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

摘要

摘要: 为了解决电磁轨道发射器在实际应用中遇到的高热量积累问题，需要对轨道进行冷却。基于多物理场耦合仿真平台Comsol Multiphysics，从轨道结构特性和电气特性两个方面进行分析，提出了在轨道内部设置冷却管道的基本规律。建立发射器的电磁场和结构场耦合模型，利用有限元法对预紧力和电动力作用下的轨道响应进行数值计算。仿真结果表明，设置冷却管道会对轨道造成材料损失，进而影响轨道性能，冷却管道应当尽可能远离肩部与枢-轨接触面连接处，并提出了冷却管道位于轨道不同位置时，轨道的形变规律和电感梯度变化规律，为轨道热管理冷却管道的设置方案提供了理论依据。
- 电磁发射 /
- 热管理 /
- 轨道冷却 /
- 电感梯度 /
- 形变
Abstract: In order to solve the high quantity of heat accumulation problems of the electromagnetic rail launcher, the rail cooling is necessary. This paper presents the basic principles for setting cooling pipes inside the rail from two aspects of mechanical performance and electrical performance analysis.An electromagnetic field and structure field model is established, the finite element method is used for numerical calculation of rail's response to the pre-tightening force and the eletromagnetic force. Simulation results show that, the cooling pipe will cause material damage, which has negative influence on rail performance; the cooling pipe should be set as far as possible away from the shoulder and armature-rail interface connection. This paper also puts forward the laws of rail deformation and inductance gradient with cooling pipe in different locations.
- electromagnetic launcher /
- thermal management /
- rail cooling /
- inductance gradient /
- deformation

HTML全文

图 1 发射器及冷却管道基本结构

Figure 1. Basic structure of EML launcher and cooling pipes

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 预紧状态下的轨道应力分布

Figure 2. Preload von Mises stress in rail

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 轨道横截面2D电磁场计算

Figure 3. Electromagnetic field calculation

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 轨道横截面电磁力分布

Figure 4. Electromagnetic force distribution in rails cross section

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 预紧力和电磁力共同作用下的轨道横截面应力分布

Figure 5. Von Mises stress in the rail under preload and electromagnetic force

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 管道位于不同位置时的轨道形变

Figure 6. Displacement of rail with pipe

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 轨道横截面电流密度

Figure 7. Rail current density

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 管道位于不同位置时的轨道电感梯度

Figure 8. Inductance gradient of rail with pipe

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 各材料力学性能参数

Table 1. Mechanical properties parameters of materials

	ρ/(kg·m^-3)	Young’s modulus/Pa	Poisson’s ratio
rail	8890	1.10×10¹¹	0.35
bolt	7850	2.06×10¹¹	0.30
insulation	1420	1.40×10¹⁰	0.33
steel bar	8000	1.93×10¹¹	0.29

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 仿真模型中轨道材料属性

Table 2. Rail material properties of simulation model

material	μ_r	σ/(S·m^-1)	ρ/(kg·m^-3)
C18200	1	4.63×10⁷	8890

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(18)

[1]	Marshall R A, Ying W. Railguns: Their science and technology[M]. Beijing: China Machine Press, 2004: 32-35.
[2]	Fair H D. The past, present, and future of electromagnetic launch technology and IEEE International EML Symposium[J]. IEEE Trans Magnetics, 2013, 41(1): 1024-1027.
[3]	李军, 严萍, 袁伟群. 电磁轨道炮发射技术的发展与现状[J]. 高电压技术, 2014, 40(4): 1052-1064. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GDYJ201404015.htm Li Jun, Yan Ping, Yuan Weiqun. Electromagnetic gun technology and its development. High Voltage Engineering, 2014, 40(4): 1052-1064 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GDYJ201404015.htm
[4]	Motes D, Keena J, Womack K, et al. Thermal analysis of high-energy railgun tests[J]. IEEE Trans Plasma Science, 2012, 40(1): 124-30.
[5]	Myers S H, Smith A N. Demonstration of combined spray and evaporative cooling of an electromagnetic railgun[J]. IEEE Trans Magnetics, 2009, 45(1): 396-401.
[6]	Jamison K A, Petresky H L, Beavers F L, et al. Thermal loading and heat removal from a sequentially fired railgun[J]. IEEE Trans Magnetics, 1995, 31(1): 314-319. doi: 10.1109/20.364669
[7]	Fish S, Phipps C, Tang V. Rail heating analysis for multishot EM gun operation[J]. IEEE Trans Magnetics, 1999, 35(1): 398-402. doi: 10.1109/20.738439
[8]	Kealey E R. Investigation of elliptical cooling channels for a naval electromagnetic railgun[C]//ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. 2005: 89-97.
[9]	Lin L, Yuan W, Zhao Y, et al. Thermal analysis on electromagnetic launcher under transient conditions[J]. IEEE Trans Plasma Science, 2017, 45(7): 1476-1481. doi: 10.1109/TPS.2017.2705725
[10]	Zhao H, Souza J A, Ordonez J C. Thermal model for electromagnetic launchers[J]. Therm Eng, 2008, 7(2): 59-64.
[11]	Zhao H, Souza J A, Ordonez J C. Three-dimensional launch simulation and active cooling analysis of a single-shot electromagnetic railgun[J]. Simulation: Transactions of the Society for Modeling and Simulation International, 2014, 90(12): 1312-1327. doi: 10.1177/0037549714553812
[12]	许镇宇, 朱景梓, 郑林庆, 等. 机械零件[M]. 北京: 人民教育出版社, 1960. Xu Zhenyu, Zhu Jingzi, Zheng Linqing, et al. Mechanical parts. Beijing: People's Education Press, 1960
[13]	王朋, 陈安生, 张会武, 等. 螺栓扭矩系数影响因素的试验研究[J]. 实验力学, 2013, 28(3): 307-313. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYLX201303006.htm Wang Peng, Chen Ansheng, Zhang Huiwu, et al. Experimental study of the factors effecting on bolt torque coefficient. Journal of Experimental Machanics, 2013, 28(3): 307-313 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SYLX201303006.htm
[14]	赵莹, 徐蓉, 袁伟群, 等. 脉冲大电流电磁轨道发射装置特性[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2014, 26: 095004. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201426.095004 Zhao Ying, Xu Rong, Yuan Weiqun, et al. Charateristics of high pulsed current electromagnetic rail launcher. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2014, 26: 095004 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201426.095004
[15]	林灵淑, 赵莹, 袁伟群, 等. 电磁轨道发射的瞬态温度效应[J]. 高电压技术, 2016, 42(9): 2864-2869. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GDYJ201609023.htm Lin Lingshu, Zhao Ying, Yuan Weiqun, et al. Thermal analysis of railgun tests under transient conditions. High Voltage Engineering, 2016, 42(9): 2864-2869 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GDYJ201609023.htm
[16]	杨玉东, 王建新, 薛文. 轨道炮速度趋肤效应的分析与仿真[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2011, 23(7): 1965-1968. http://www.hplpb.com.cn/article/id/5320 Yang Yudong, Wang Jianxin, Xue Wen. Simulation and analysis of velocity skin effect of railgun. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2011, 23(7): 1965-1968 http://www.hplpb.com.cn/article/id/5320
[17]	Marshall R A, 王莹. 电磁轨道炮的科学与技术[M]. 北京: 兵器工业出版社, 2006.
[24]	Marshall R A, Wang Ying. Railguns: their science and technology. Beijing: The Publishing House of Ordnance Industry, 2006