Phase-locked high power microwave generator driven by kW level RF power
-
摘要: 针对kW级微波驱动的锁相GW高功率微波，设计了一个高增益(大于50 dB)四腔相对论速调管放大器(RKA)。模拟表明，在此条件下高次模振荡严重影响器件的锁相实现。由此，将RKA结构与正反馈振荡电路结合起来，建立相应的等效电路来研究这种高次模激励的物理过程(即高次模的激励与中间腔之间耦合强度的相关性)。在高次模振荡的等效电路(即正反馈振荡电路)中，用衰减电阻代替结构中的微波吸收层来研究高次模振荡的抑制机理，衰减电阻通过对反馈过程的控制，提高了电路的自激振荡起振电流。在结构上按照衰减电阻要求设计了微波吸收层，将高次模振荡的起振电流提高到大于器件的工作电流，实现了高增益(约60 dB)条件下高次模激励的抑制。模拟获得了4 kW微波功率驱动的2.3 GW锁相高功率微波，增益接近60 dB。在LTD加速器平台的实验结果表明：注入微波由固态RF种子源提供(功率10 kW)，输出功率达到1.8 GW，增益为52.6 dB，90 ns内输入和输出微波的相对相位差小于±10°，实验上实现了kW级注入微波对GW高功率微波的相位锁定。Abstract: In order to realize the phase locking of GW-level high power microwave (HPM) driven by kW-level RF source, a relativistic klystron amplifier (RKA) with four resonant cavities is designed. However, the particle in cell (PIC) simulation shows that high order mode oscillation in the device destroys the phase locking of HPM seriously. And this high order mode excitation is closely related to the coupling between middle cavities. Combining with the structure of RKA, an equivalent circuit model is built to study the process of high order mode excitation (positive feedback process). Simulations show that positive feedback process of high order mode can be controlled by adding RF lossy material to the RKA structure. And this measure increases the threshold current of the high order mode excitation. We have got a phase-locking output microwave of 2.3 GW with an input power of 4 kW in simulation. Experiments were performed on the LTD accelerator, and the input microwave was provided by a solid-state microwave source. Under the conditions of an input microwave of 10 kW, the output power achieved 1.8 GW with a gain of 52.6 dB; and the relative phase difference between input and output RF signals was about ±10° in the locking duration of 90 ns.
-
图 3 RKA谐振腔耦合作用等效电路
Figure 3. Equivalent circuit of the coupling between resonant cavities of RKA
图 5 不同耦合强度下第二个腔的响应电压
Figure 5. Voltage of the 2nd cavity with different coupling strengths
图 6 加载吸波材料的RKA模拟输出功率及包络仿真曲线
Figure 6. Simulation output power and envelop curve of the RKA with RF lossy material
表 1 吸波材料电导率与腔间耦合强度关系
Table 1. Relationship between conductance of lossy material and coupled strength
conductivity/(S·m-1) coupled strength Ist/(kA) 0.3 0.108 6 0.5 0.054 11 0.7 0.079 7 0.9 0.098 / 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] 周传明, 刘国治, 刘永贵, 等. 高功率微波源[M]. 北京: 原子能出版社, 2007: 34-45.Zhou Chuanming, Liu Guozhi, Liu Yonggui, et al. High-power microwave sources. Beijing: Atomic Energy Press, 2007: 34-45 [2] 袁欢, 刘振邦, 黄华, 等. 强流脉冲驱动的X波段多注相对论速调管相位特性[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2017, 29: 093005. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201729.170131Yuan Huan, Liu Zhenbang, Huang Hua, et al. Phase characteristics of X-band multiple beams relativistic klystron driven by intense pulse electron beams. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2017, 29: 093005 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201729.170131 [3] Wu Yang, Xie Hongquan, Li Zhenghong, et al. Gigawatt peak power generation in a relativistic klystron amplifier driven by 1 kW seed-power[J]. Physics of Plasmas, 2013, 20: 113102. doi: 10.1063/1.4828975 [4] Li Zhenghong. Experimental study of a low radio frequency power driven relativistic klystron amplifier[J]. Physics of Plasmas, 2010, 17: 023113. [5] Song Wei, Liu Guozhi, Lin Yuzheng, et al. Simulation of a relativistic klystron with strong input power[J]. IEEE Trans Plasma Science, 2008, 36: 682-687. doi: 10.1109/TPS.2008.923749 [6] 陈永东, 谢鸿全, 李正红, 等. 电子回流对相对论速调管稳定工作的影响[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2013, 25(7): 1770-1773. doi: 10.3788/HPLPB20132507.1770Chen Yongdong, Xie Hongquan, Li Zhenghong, et al. Effect of returning electrons on stability of relativistic klystron amplifier. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2013, 25(7): 1770-1773 doi: 10.3788/HPLPB20132507.1770 [7] Liu Yinghui, Niu Xinjian, Jia Nan, et al. A study on the high-order mode oscillation in a four-cavity intense relativistic klystron amplifier[J]. Physics of Plasmas, 2016, 23: 072110. [8] 吴洋, 李正红, 谢鸿全, 等. 衰减材料对高增益相对论速调管自激振荡的抑制[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2014, 26: 063043. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201426.063043Wu Yang, Li Zhenghong, Xie Hongquan, et al. Suppression of self-oscillation in high gain relativistic klystron amplifier by RF lossy material. High Power Laser and Particle Beam, 2014, 26: 063043 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201426.063043 [9] Zhang Zehai. Experimental study on parasitic mode suppression using FeSiAl in relativistic klystron amplifier[J]. Review of Scientific Instruments, 2015, 86: 034707. doi: 10.1063/1.4914832 [10] Wu Yang, Xu Zhou, Jin Xiao, et al. A long pulse relativistic klystron amplifier driven by low RF power[J]. IEEE Trans Plasma Science, 2012, 40(10): 2762-2766. [11] 张泽海, 舒挺, 张军, 等. S波段相对论速调管锁相特性[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2013, 25(8): 2040-2044. doi: 10.3788/HPLPB20132508.2040Zhang Zehai, Shu Ting, Zhang Jun, et al. Phase-locking property of S-band RKA. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2013, 25(8): 2040-2044 doi: 10.3788/HPLPB20132508.2040 [12] 袁欢, 黄华, 何琥, 等. S波段相对论速调管放大器相位稳定性的优化设计及实验研究[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2017, 29: 113001. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201729.170133Yuan Huan, Huang Hua, He Hu, et al. Optimization and experimental study of phase characteristics of S-band relativistic klystron amplifier. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2017, 29: 113001 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201729.170133 [13] 成会, 谢鸿全, 李正红, 等. S波段四腔相对论速调管放大器的整管性能[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2013, 25(8): 2050-2054. doi: 10.3788/HPLPB20132508.2050Cheng Hui, Xie Hongquan, Li Zhenghong, et al. Performance of S band four-cavity relativistic klystron amplifier. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2013, 25(8): 2050-2054 doi: 10.3788/HPLPB20132508.2050 [14] 张泽海, 舒挺, 张军, 等. 相对论速调管放大器杂模振荡的抑制[J]. 强激光与粒子速, 2011, 23(11): 2989-2993. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WLXB201222076.htmZhang Zehai, Shu Ting, Zhang Jun, et al. Suppression of parasitic mode oscillation in relativistic klystron amplifier. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2011, 23(11): 2989-2993 https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WLXB201222076.htm [15] 康华光, 陈大钦, 张林. 电子技术基础[M]. 5版. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2006: 156-160.Kang Huaguang, Chen Daqin, Zhang Lin. Fundamentals of electronic technology. 5th ed. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2006: 156-160 -
点击查看大图
图(8) / 表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 1179
- HTML全文浏览量: 224
- PDF下载量: 133
- 被引次数: 0
