Development of S-band ultra wideband high average power multi-beam klystron
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摘要: 介绍一种新型超宽带（相对带宽≥17%）S波段大功率多注速调管的研制过程及研制成果，该速调管首次在S波段实现了17%的相对带宽，带宽指标为国内宽带多注速调管首次实现。通过优化电子光学系统和高频段的参数设计、优化电子枪区的结构设计、优化整管散热系统设计等多项措施，提高电子注流通率及注波互作用效率，降低高频部分的散热压力，使该速调管仅在120 kW的峰值功率下实现了大于30%的效率及40 kW的平均功率。同时，通过近似连续波阴极发射电流密度的低阴极负荷设计、阴极区零部件多项预处理工艺措施等实现了3 ms脉宽的稳定工作及连续24 h稳定工作不打火。为实现3 min内满功率输出及2000 h的寿命，对阴极工作参数、电子枪区的工艺结构进行了反复优化。本项目在能够实现指标的前提下，进行了小批量的生产及车载环境的环境试验，并针对可能产生的不可靠性因素，进行了改进，使产品真正能实现工程化应用，为后续同类产品的设计提供有效的技术参考。Abstract: This paper introduces the development of a new ultra-wideband (relative bandwidth ≥17%) S-band multi-beam klystron (MBK) for the first time in China. By optimizing the electronic optics system, gun construction, high-frequency system, heat removal system and so on, the electronic passing rate can be improved and the heat dissipation pressure in the high frequency part can be reduced. These measures enabled the MBK to achieve 120 kW peak power with 30% efficiency and 40 kW average power. At the same time, through low cathode load design and many process measures, the steady working with 3 ms pulse length and continuous 24 h of steady work have been realized. To achieve full power output with in 3 min and 2000 h life time, we have optimized the working parameters of cathode and structure and technology of electron gun for many times. This project has completed the all index, the small-batch production and vehicle-mounted environmental testing, with engineering application conditions, which can provide effective technical reference for subsequent similar designs.
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Key words:
- S-band /
- multi-beam klystron /
- ultra-wideband /
- high average power /
- bandwidth
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图 11 输出腔TM110，TM120，TM220的电场分布（上排）及磁场分布（下排）
Figure 11. Output cavity eigenmode distribution (TM110，TM120，TM220)
表 1 测试结果
Table 1. Results of testing
output peak power/kW output average power/kW efficiency/% gain/dB index ≥120 ≥40 ≥30 ≥35 results of testing ≥125 ≥41.3 ≥30.3 ≥37.5 
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