分布式阻抗末端加载的TEM喇叭天线设计

原艳宁; 冯强; 易超龙; 席晓莉

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202133.200198

分布式阻抗末端加载的TEM喇叭天线设计

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202133.200198

1.
西安理工大学自动化与信息工程学院，西安 710048
2.
西北核技术研究院高功率微波技术重点实验室，西安 710024

基金项目: 高功率微波技术重点实验室基金项目

详细信息

作者简介:
原艳宁（1982—），女，博士，工程师，从事超宽带天线及射频电路研究；yyn1982@126.com

通讯作者:
席晓莉（1967—），女，博士，教授/博士生导师，从事天线设计、电波传播及先进导航与电磁技术研究；xixiaoli@xaut.edu.cn

中图分类号: TN823
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-07-13
- 修回日期: 2020-09-07
- 刊出日期: 2021-01-07

Design of TEM horn antenna based on distributed impedance end-loading

1.
School of Automation and Information Engineering, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’ an 710048, China
2.
Science and Technology on High Power Microwave Laboratory, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, China

摘要

摘要: 基于功率容量和口径匹配扩展低频工作带宽两方面的考虑，设计了一种具有分布式阻抗末端加载结构的超宽带TEM喇叭天线。首先，对渐变式同轴-平板的巴伦结构进行了优化设计，扩展了馈电结构的工作带宽，提高了馈电效率；其次，对指数型TEM喇叭天线末端进行了分布式阻抗的匹配设计，其端口特性和辐射特性均得到了明显改善，并采用功率方向图和能量方向图对天线的辐射效果进行评估。实验结果表明，相对于指数型TEM喇叭天线，加载分布式阻抗匹配末端结构后，天线低频带宽展宽了330 MHz，天线主轴辐射电场峰峰值提高了10%，馈电效率提高了17%。
- 超宽带 /
- TEM喇叭天线 /
- 分布式阻抗 /
- 功率方向图 /
- 能量方向图
Abstract: Based on the consideration of power capacity and aperture matching to extend the low-frequency operating bandwidth, an ultra-wideband TEM horn antenna with a distributed impedance end-loading structure was designed. First, the gradual coaxial-flat balun structure was optimized, which expands the working bandwidth of the feed structure and improves the feed efficiency. Secondly, the distributed impedance matching design was performed on the exponential TEM horn antenna, and its port characteristics and radiation characteristics were significantly improved. The power pattern and energy pattern were used to evaluate the radiation effect of the antenna. The experimental results show that, compared with the exponential TEM horn antenna, after the distributed impedance matching structure is loaded, the antenna low-frequency bandwidth is widened by 330 MHz, the peak-to-peak value of the antenna main axis radiated electric field is increased by 10%, and the feed efficiency is increased by 17%.
- ultra-wideband /
- TEM horn antenna /
- distributed impedance matching /
- power pattern /
- energy pattern

HTML全文

图 1 传统渐变式巴伦结构

Figure 1. Traditional graded balun

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 改进渐变式巴伦结构

Figure 2. Improved graded balun

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图 3 三种天线结构要素图

Figure 3. Structural elements of three antennas

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图 4 巴伦结构的端口参数

Figure 4. Port parameters of the balun structures

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图 5 三种天线驻波比

Figure 5. VSWR of three antennas

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图 6 天线时域辐射波形和辐射场频谱

Figure 6. Antenna time-domain radiation waveform and radiation field spectrum

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图 7 三种天线功率方向图对比

Figure 7. Comparison of the power patterns of three antennas

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图 8 三种天线能量方向图对比

Figure 8. Comparison of the energy patterns of three antennas

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 天线尺寸与工作频率对比

Table 1. Comparison of antenna size and operating frequency

antenna	${L_{\max }}$/cm	${{{L_{\max }}} / {{\lambda _L}}}$	bandwidth/GHz	VSWR
Valentine antenna^[1]	123	1.24	[0.3, 2]	2
Chebyshev tapered TEM horn antenna^[6]	75	0.56	[0.224, 3]	2
double-ridged TEM horn antenna^[7]	50	0.38	[0.23, 2]	3
combined dipole antenna ^[12]	50	0.367	[0.22, 5]	2
antenna1	60	0.928	[0.464, 1]	2
antenna2	66.7	0.525	[0.236, 1]	2
antenna3	66.7	0.296	[0.133, 1]	2

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表 2 天线性能比较

Table 2. Comparison of antenna performance

antenna	H/cm×W/cm	${t_{p - p}}$/ns	${E_{p - p}}$/(V·m⁻¹)	${{\rm{G}}_{{\rm{ep}}}}$/dB	${\eta _{{\rm{feed}}}}$/%
antenna1	40×40	0.66	1.08	0.87	55.59
antenna2	66.7×40	0.83	1.12	0.77	72.27
antenna3	66.7×40	0.83	1.19	0.86	72.75

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(12)

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