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离子推力器束流引出状态对栅极刻蚀的影响

孙明明 耿海 杨俊泰 岳士超 张文涛

孙明明, 耿海, 杨俊泰, 等. 离子推力器束流引出状态对栅极刻蚀的影响[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2021, 33: 024005. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202133.200229
引用本文: 孙明明, 耿海, 杨俊泰, 等. 离子推力器束流引出状态对栅极刻蚀的影响[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2021, 33: 024005. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202133.200229
Sun Mingming, Geng Hai, Yang Juntai, et al. Influence of ion beam perveance condition on grids erosion for ion thruster[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2021, 33: 024005. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202133.200229
Citation: Sun Mingming, Geng Hai, Yang Juntai, et al. Influence of ion beam perveance condition on grids erosion for ion thruster[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2021, 33: 024005. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202133.200229

离子推力器束流引出状态对栅极刻蚀的影响

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202133.200229
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(61901202,61901204);十三五星箭可靠性增长项目(ZKCP0701);国防科工局稳定支持重点实验室基金项目;民用航天预研项目(D010509)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    孙明明(1985—),男,博士,高级工程师,主要从事空间电推进技术研究;smmhappy@163.com

  • 中图分类号: V439.4

Influence of ion beam perveance condition on grids erosion for ion thruster

  • 摘要: 为了研究30 cm离子推力器束流引出状态对栅极刻蚀的影响,建立了束流引出模型,并采用PIC-MCC方法对CEX离子造成的栅极腐蚀速率进行了计算,最后将计算结果与1500 h寿命试验结果进行比对分析。结果显示:束流正常聚焦时,在3 kW和5 kW两种工作模式下,加速栅和减速栅的质量刻蚀速率分别为(1.11~1.72)×10−15 kg/s及(1.22~1.26)×10−17 kg/s。在5 kW工况下,当屏栅上游等离子体密度达到4.03×1017 m−3时,束流出现欠聚焦现象,此时加速栅和减速栅的最大离子刻蚀速率分别为4.33×10−15 kg/s和4.02×10−15 kg/s;在3 kW工况下,当屏栅上游等离子体密度达到0.22×1017 m−3时,束流出现过聚焦现象,此时加速栅和减速栅的最大离子刻蚀速率分别为3.24×10−15 kg/s和5.01×10−15 kg/s。寿命试验结果表明,加速栅孔质量刻蚀速率的计算值与试验值比对误差较小,而由于束流离子对减速栅孔的直接轰击,导致减速栅孔刻蚀速率的计算值和试验值差异极大。经研究认为,对屏栅小孔采用变孔径设计,是降低当束流处于欠聚焦或过聚焦状态下,CEX离子造成加速栅孔和减速栅孔刻蚀速率,并提升推力器工作寿命的有效措施。
  • 图  1  离子束流引出过程示意图

    Figure  1.  Schematic diagram of the ion beam extraction process

    图  2  采用PIC-MCC方法的离子加速计算区域

    Figure  2.  Calculation region of ions acceleration based on PIC-MCC method

    图  3  不同工况下的CEX离子密度分布

    Figure  3.  CEX ion density in different work mode

    图  4  5 kW工况下的束流欠聚焦仿真结果

    Figure  4.  Simulation results of under perveance condition in 5 kW mode

    图  5  3 kW工况下束流过聚焦状态时的离子位置分布

    Figure  5.  Ions position distribution of over-perveance condition in 3 kW mode

    图  6  离子刻蚀后的加速栅小孔半径变化示意图

    Figure  6.  Radius of the accelerator grid hole after ion etched

    表  1  PIC-MCC方法的关键参数设置

    Table  1.   Parameters set for simulation by PIC-MCC method

    ${r_{{\rm{sc}}}}$/mm${r_{{\rm{ac}}}}$/mm${t_{{\rm{sc}}}}$/mm${t_{{\rm{ac}}}}$/mm${d_{{\rm{s - a}}}}$/mm${r_{{\rm{del}}}}$/mm${t_{{\rm{del}}}}$/mm${V_{{\rm{acc}}}}$/V
    0.950.550.400.5010.650.5−400
    ${V_{\rm{p}}}$/V${T_{\rm{i}}}$/K${T_{{\rm{eu}}}}$/eV${T_{{\rm{ed}}}}$/eV${n_{\rm{0}}}$/m−3${V_{{\rm{sc}}}}$/V${d_{{\rm{a - d}}}}$/mm${V_{{\rm{del}}}}$/V
    376004.51.5012000.90
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  离子推力器不同工作模式的输入条件

    Table  2.   Input parameters of ion thruster in different work mode

    work modeanode mass flow/(kg·s−1cathode mass flow/(kg·s−1total mass flow/(mg·s−1anode voltage/V
    3 kW1.970.382.3532
    5 kW5.370.265.6330.5
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  栅极上游中性原子密度分布

    Table  3.   Neutral density in upstream of the grids

    work mode${n_{\rm{0}}}$/m−3${n_{{\rm{01}}}}$/m−3anode voltage/Vscreen grid voltage/Vaccelerator grid voltage/V
    3 kW1.42×10178.75×1017321415−220
    5 kW3.36×10172.11×101830.51165−400
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  不同模式下的刻蚀速率仿真计算结果

    Table  4.   Simulation results of erosion velocity in different work mode

    work modeerosion velocity of acc. grid/(kg·s−1erosion velocity of dec. grid/(kg·s−1
    3 kW 1.11×10−15 1.22×10−17
    5 kW 1.72×10−15 1.26×10−17
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2020-08-03
  • 修回日期:  2020-12-17
  • 刊出日期:  2021-01-07

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