基于神经网络的选区激光熔化残余应力预测

景艳龙; 李杰; 石文天; 闫晓玲

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202133.210223

基于神经网络的选区激光熔化残余应力预测

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202133.210223

北京工商大学人工智能学院, 北京100048

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（51975006）

详细信息

作者简介:
景艳龙，jingyanlong@btbu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
李　杰，lijie0739@btbu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TN249
计量
- 文章访问数: 748
- HTML全文浏览量: 290
- PDF下载量: 60
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-04
- 修回日期: 2021-09-15
- 网络出版日期: 2021-10-19
- 刊出日期: 2021-10-15

Prediction of residual stress in selective laser melting based on neural network

School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China

摘要

摘要: 当前对选区激光熔化产生的残余应力预测方法主要为数值模拟，但由于设备、环境、粉末等因素差异性较大，且具有较大不确定性，很难建立符合实际情况的数值模拟模型。利用神经网络在预测多变量、复杂线性信息处理方面能力强的特点，建立适用于预测316L不锈钢粉末选区激光熔化残余应力的模型。使用选区激光熔化技术打印相当数量的不同工艺参数的试样，采用超声波检测其内部残余应力作为神经网络的训练样本，并使用这些样本对神经网络模型进行训练，获得具有预测功能的神经网络，将验证样本的工艺参数输入神经网络，计算出预测的残余应力值，与实际检测值进行对比。实验结果表明，预测值与实际测量值偏差较小，验证了所提方法的有效性。采用神经网络预测残余应力的方法，可以快速确定不同选区激光熔化工艺参数对应的残余应力，避免设置残余应力较高的工艺参数，有效缩短制备高质量工件试样的周期，降低成本。
- 增材制造 /
- 残余应力 /
- 神经网络 /
- 选区激光熔化 /
- 超声波检测 /
- 自适应
Abstract: At present, numerical simulation is the main method for predicting residual stress produced by selective laser melting. However, due to different factors such as equipment, environment and powder, it is difficult to establish a practical numerical model. The accuracy of numerical simulation needs to be verified. Based on the strong ability of neural network in predicting multivariable and complex linear information processing, a model for predicting residual stress in selective laser melting (SLM) is established. SLM technology is used to print a considerable number of samples with different process parameters, and ultrasonic wave is used to detect the internal residual stress. Training samples of neural network are used to train the neural network model, and the neural network with predictive function is obtained. The process parameters of the validated samples are input into the neural network, and the predicted residual stress value is calculated, which is in accordance with the actual situation. The detection values were compared. The experimental results show that the deviation between the predicted value and the measured value is small and the accuracy is high, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.The method of predicting residual stress by neural network can quickly determine the residual stress corresponding to laser melting process parameters in different selection areas, avoid setting process parameters with high residual stress, effectively shorten the cycle of preparing high-quality workpiece samples and reduce the cost.
- additive manufacturing /
- residual stress /
- neural network /
- selective laser melting /
- ultrasonic detection /
- self-adaptivity

HTML全文

图 1 LCR波传播示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of LCR wave propagation

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图 2 SLM神经网络模型

Figure 2. SLM neural network model

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图 3 试样尺寸图

Figure 3. Sample size

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图 4 试样实物照片

Figure 4. Photographs of samples

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图 5 扫描电镜下的微观组织图

Figure 5. Microstructure images by scanning electron microscope

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图 6 声时差-加载应力曲线

Figure 6. Graph of acoustic time difference-loading stress

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图 7 功率-残余应力曲线

Figure 7. Graph of power-residual stress

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图 8 扫描速度-残余应力曲线

Figure 8. Graphs of scanning speed-residual stress

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图 9 训练样本预测值与实测值

Figure 9. Predicted value and measured value of training samples

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图 10 验证样本预测值与实测值

Figure 10. Predicted value and measured value of verifying samples

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表 1 316L不锈钢粉末化学成分比重

Table 1. Chemical composition of 316L stainless steel by weight

element	content/%	element	content/%
Fe	balance	N	0.1max
Cr	16～18	O	0.1max
Ni	10～14	P	0.045max
Mo	2～3	C	0.03max
Mn	2max	S	0.03max
Si	1max

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表 2 训练样本SLM工艺参数

Table 2. Training process parameters of experiments in SLM

process parameter	laser power/W	scanning speed/(m·s⁻¹)	powder thickness/μm	preheating temperature/℃
level 1	50	0.25	50	50
level 2	100	0.375	80	100
level 3	150	0.5	−	−
level 4	200	0.625	−	−
level 5	250	0.75	−	−
level 6	300	0.875	−	−
level 7	350	1	−	−
level 8	400	1.125	−	−
level 9	−	1.25	−	−
level 10	−	1.5	−	−

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