减反膜对单晶硅太阳能电池性能的影响分析

孙洪伟; 郝建红; 赵强; 范杰清; 张芳; 董志伟

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202133.210240

减反膜对单晶硅太阳能电池性能的影响分析

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202133.210240

1.
华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院, 北京 102206
2.
北京应用物理与计算数学研究所, 北京 100094

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金委员会-中国工程物理研究院联合基金项目(U1730247)；高功率微波技术重点实验室项目(6142605200301)

详细信息

作者简介:
孙洪伟，sunhongwei@ncepu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
赵　强，zhaoq@iapcm.ac.cn

中图分类号: TM914.4⁺1
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- 文章访问数: 896
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- PDF下载量: 70
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-17
- 修回日期: 2021-11-18
- 网络出版日期: 2021-12-04
- 刊出日期: 2021-12-15

Effect of antireflection film on performance of monocrystalline silicon solar cell

1.
School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
2.
Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing 100094, China

摘要

摘要: 在太阳能电池效率的评价中，电池材料、掺杂浓度、扩散长度等都是比较重要的参数，合理地改变相关参数可以优化太阳能电池的性能，提高电池效率。此外，在太阳能电池表面镀一层具有减反作用的光学薄膜（简称减反膜）也是提高电池效率的重要手段。以提高电池效率为目标，对单晶硅太阳能电池的掺杂浓度和扩散长度等微观参数进行计算优化，分析了掺杂浓度和扩散长度变化对电池效率的影响。并在此基础上分析了不同类型的减反膜对于电池效率的影响，给出了最佳减反膜材料及其膜系厚度，并且结合镀膜后电池量子效率的变化验证了其准确性。结果表明，在优化电池掺杂浓度和扩散长度的基础上，选择合适的减反膜，电池效率最高可达20.35%，相比于优化前提高了8.25%。
- 减反膜 /
- 硅太阳能电池 /
- 光电转换效率 /
- 等效电路模型
Abstract: In the evaluation of solar cell efficiency, the cell material, doping concentration, diffusion length and so on are important parameters. Reasonable change of relevant parameters can optimize the performance of solar cells and improve their efficiency. In addition, there is an important means to improve the efficiency of solar cells by coating a layer of antireflection optical film on the surface of solar cells. To improve the cell efficiency, the micro parameters such as doping concentration and diffusion length of monocrystalline silicon solar cells were calculated and optimized, and the changes of cell efficiency with doping concentration and diffusion length were analyzed. On this basis, the influence of different antireflection films on the efficiency of the battery is analyzed, and the influence of antireflection film thickness on the efficiency of the battery is given. The results show that after optimizing the doping concentration and diffusion length of the cell, and selecting suitable antireflection films, the cell efficiency can reach 20.35%, which is 8.25% higher than that without optimization.
- antireflection membrane /
- silicon solar cell /
- photoelectric conversion efficiency /
- equivalent circuit model

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图 1 单晶硅太阳能电池结构图

Figure 1. Structure diagram of monocrystalline silicon solar cell

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图 2 掺杂浓度对电池效率的影响

Figure 2. Effect of doping concentration on cell efficiency

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图 3 优化前后电池特性曲线

Figure 3. Battery characteristic curve before and after optimization

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图 4 不同减反膜情况下的电池I-U特性曲线图

Figure 4. I-U characteristic curve of different antireflection films

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图 5 减反膜厚度与电池效率规律

Figure 5. Relationship between antireflection film thickness and cell efficiency

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图 6 不同减反膜下电池的量子效率

Figure 6. Quantum efficiency of batteries with different antireflection membranes

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图 7 有无金字塔结构电池性能对比

Figure 7. Comparison of battery performance with and without pyramid structure

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表 1 无减反膜电池建模

Table 1. Simulation without antireflection film

parameter	battery area/cm²	battery thickness/μm	base doping concentration/cm⁻³	emitter doping concentration/cm⁻³	diffusion length/μm
before optimization	10×10	300	5×10¹⁶	1×10¹⁹	130.5
after optimization	10×10	300	1×10¹⁷	1×10¹⁸	200.3

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表 2 本文建模结果与文献[4]结果比对

Table 2. The modeling results in this paper are compared with those in Ref. [4]

	I_sc/A	U_oc/V	P_m/W	FF	η／％
Ref. [4] modeling results	2.28	0.56	1.21	0.835	12.10
modeling results before optimization	2.275	0.6367	1.211	0.836	12.11
modeling results after optimization	2.42	0.6744	1.375	0.842	13.75

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表 3 减反膜材料的折射率

Table 3. Refractive index of antireflection film materials

antireflection film material	refractive index
SiN_x	2.2
SiN_x：H	2
SiO₂	1.52
Ta₂O₅	2.1～2.26
TiO₂	2.39～2.47

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表 4 不同减反膜情况下太阳能电池参数

Table 4. Parameters of solar cells with different antireflection coatings

antireflection film material	U_oc/V	I_sc/A	P_m/W	η/%	FF
SiN_x	0.683 592	3.435 18	1.981 84	19.82	0.843 960 498
SiN_x：H	0.683 858	3.464 76	1.999 6	20.00	0.843 925 363
SiO₂	0.682 175	3.277 72	1.887 41	18.87	0.844 109 137
Ta₂O₅	0.683 636	3.440 05	1.984 77	19.85	0.843 957 365
TiO₂	0.682 855	3.353 34	1.932 75	19.33	0.844 052 769

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