Pulse magnetic properties measurement of Fe-based nanocrystalline cores and its application in magnetic switches
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摘要: 磁开关是重复频率脉冲功率系统可选的工作性能优越的开关器件之一。目前磁开关的仿真模型是基于伏秒积分的宏观特性建立起来的纯电路模型，未考虑磁芯饱和过程中磁芯特性的变化，仿真难以准确预测磁开关负载上的预脉冲，波形的前沿误差也较大。测试获得了快脉冲激励下的铁基纳米晶磁芯磁滞回线和初始磁化曲线，利用磁芯磁滞回线的关键参数，提取了脉冲激励下的磁芯J-A参数，用于定义多物理场中磁开关模型的磁芯特性。针对磁开关脉冲压缩电路，利用多物理场仿真软件COMSOL建立了磁脉冲压缩系统电路与磁开关电磁场的场路耦合仿真模型，计算磁脉冲压缩电路的输出波形，与实验结果对比，预脉冲幅值误差为2%，峰值误差为2%，前沿误差为5%，证明了建立的场路耦合仿真模型的有效性和准确性。Abstract: The magnetic switch is one of the switching devices with excellent performance that can be selected for the repetitive frequency pulse power system. At present, the simulation model of the magnetic switch is a pure circuit model established based on the macroscopic characteristics of the volt-second integral, without considering the change of the magnetic core characteristics during the core saturation process, it is difficult to accurately predict the pre-pulse on the magnetic switch load, and the front error of the waveform is also larger. In this paper, the hysteresis loop and initial magnetization curve of the Fe-based nanocrystalline magnetic core under fast pulse excitation are tested and obtained. Using the key parameters of the magnetic core hysteresis loop, the J-A parameter of the magnetic core under pulse excitation is extracted, which is used to define Magnetic core properties for a magnetic switch model in multi-physics field. For the magnetic switch pulse compression circuit, the field-circuit coupling simulation model was established by using the multi-physics simulation software COMSOL, and the output waveform was simulated. Compared with the experimental results, the pre-pulse amplitude error is 2%, the peak error is 2%, and the front error is 5%, which proves the validity and accuracy of the established field-circuit coupling simulation model.
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图 1 脉冲激励下磁芯测试系统示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of magnetic core test system under pulse excitation
图 9 磁开关原理电路图及结构图
Figure 9. Schematic circuit diagram and structure diagram of magnetic switch
图 12 实验波形与仿真波形对比
Figure 12. Comparison of experimental waveforms and simulation waveforms
表 1 磁芯测试参数
Table 1. Magnetic core test parameters
C/nF U0/kV (dB/dt)/(T·μs−1) f/kHz 2000 1.0 0.3 32 200 4.5 1.5 145 100 6.0 2.0 202 70 7.2 2.4 251 50 9.8 3.3 318 
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