Research progress of coherent beam combining technique of phased fiber laser array
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摘要: 主要介绍了近年来光纤激光相控阵相干合成技术的发展现状，总结了中国科学院光电技术研究所在这方面的最新研究成果，包括基于振幅调制的光纤激光相控阵相干合成能力优化、光纤激光相控阵实现收发一体相干合成、光纤激光相控阵的目标在回路相干合成、光纤激光相控阵在大气湍流下实现耦合接收光束的共相合束、基于多孔径波前探测的相干合成方法、基于自适应光纤准直器和微透镜阵列的光束大角度高精度连续寻址扫描等。以上研究工作将促进光纤激光相控阵技术朝向更多单元、更高功率、更远距离等方向演进，并推动其与激光大气传输、空间激光通信、自适应光学等理论和应用的结合与发展。Abstract: This paper introduces the state-of-the-art coherent beam combination of phased fiber laser array (PFLA), and summarizes the latest research progress in this area at the Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, including optimization of coherent combining capability of PFLA based on amplitude modulation, transceiving coherent combining of PFLA, coherent combining of PFLA using target-in-the-loop, co-phasing combining of receiving beamlets of PFLA under atmospheric turbulence, the method of coherent combining based on multi-aperture wavefront detection, as well as the large-angle high-precision continuous addressing scanning of beams using adaptive fiber-optics collimator and microlens array scanner. The above research will promote the evolution of PFLA technology towards more units, higher power, longer distance etc., and facilitate its combinations and developments with laser atmospheric transmission, space laser communication, adaptive optics and other related theories and applications.
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图 1 19单元光纤激光相控阵的六边形发射阵列平面的示意图和实物照片
Figure 1. Schematic diagram and real picture of the emissive hexagon array plane of a 19-element PFLA
图 2 不同截断比Tr下，19路高斯子光束的远场合成光束性能指标特性的仿真结果
Figure 2. Simulation results of combined beam’s metrics characteristics of 19 Gaussian beamlets in the far-field with different Tr
图 3 不同截断比Tr下，19路高斯子光束的远场合成光束性能指标特性的实验结果
Figure 3. Experimental results of combined beam’s metrics characteristics of 19 Gaussian beamlets in the far-field with different Tr
图 4 19单元光纤激光相控阵的双向传输相干合成方案
Figure 4. Bidirectional CBC scheme based on 19-element PFLA
图 5 AFOC阵列耦合接收光强的归一化曲线
Figure 5. Curves of normalized optical intensity coupled by the AFOC array
图 6 闭环控制过程中不同阶段的远场衍射光斑长曝光（帧平均）图样
Figure 6. Long exposure patterns in far field (frame averaged) at different stages in the closed loop control processes
图 7 2 km湍流条件下19单元光纤激光相控阵相干合成与指向的实验装置与原理框图
Figure 7. Experimental setup and block diagram for CBC and pointing of a 19-element PFLA under 2 km turbulence conditions
图 8 不同湍流强度下，合成光束的反射回光性能指标在SPGD算法开环OP、仅锁相PL、锁相加倾斜控制PLTT三个阶段的变化情况
Figure 8. Variation of the reflected optical intensity metircs of the combined beam under different turbulence intensities at the stages of OP, PL, PLTT of SPGD algorithm
图 9 57单元光纤激光相控阵2.1 km传输的相干合成与指向实验原理及实物装置图
Figure 9. Experimental principle and real device diagram of CBC and pointing of 57-element PFLA in 2.1 km transmission
图 10 闭环控制中不同阶段的目标回光性能指标曲线
Figure 10. Metric curve of back-reflected signals from the target of different stages in the closed-loop control process
图 11 闭环控制中不同阶段目标屏上的长曝光图样
Figure 11. Long exposure patterns on the target of different stages in the closed-loop control process
图 12 2.1 km水平湍流下的19单元光纤激光相控阵的相干合成接收系统图
Figure 12. CBC Receiving system diagram of a 19-element PFLA array within 2.1 km horizontal turbulence
图 13 2.1 km水平湍流环境下19单元相干合成接收的性能指标特性
Figure 13. Metrics characteristics of 19-element CBC receiving in 2.1 km horizontal turbulence
图 16 基于主动波前测量和外部像差预补偿的光纤激光相控阵实验装置图
Figure 16. Experimental setup of PFLA based on active wavefront measurement and external aberration pre-compensation
PMs: Phase compensators
图 17 预补偿过程中不同控制阶段的远场光斑分布
Figure 17. Far-field spot distribution at different stages of the pre-compensation process
图 18 光束连续扫描系统的光路排布示意图
Figure 18. Schematic diagram of the optical arrangement of the continuous beam scanning system
图 19 基于AFOC和MLAS的连续寻址扫描原理图
Figure 19. Principle of continuous scanning based on AFOC and MLAS
图 20 AFOC和MLAS两级调控的光束扫描结构实现图
Figure 20. Experimental structure of beam scanning with two-stage modulation of AFOC and MLAS
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