Design and magnetic field analysis of double-layer heating plate for fiber optic gyroscope
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摘要: 在复杂电磁环境中，磁场干扰是光纤陀螺仪产生误差的主要原因之一。为了减小光纤陀螺仪台体中加热片产生的磁场对陀螺仪精度的影响，设计了双层加热片结构，并采用有限元方法对单、双层加热片上方光纤环位置处的磁场进行对比分析，根据分析结果计算磁场对光纤陀螺仪精度的影响，结果表明：两种加热片在光纤环位置处磁场均为非均匀磁场，光纤环距离加热片较近处的磁通密度呈现环状分布，距离加热片较远处的磁通密度呈中心强周围弱分布；随着光纤环平面与加热片间的距离增加，光纤环平面上单层加热片的磁通密度最大值约为双层加热片的30至122倍；双层加热片磁场对光纤陀螺仪磁敏感相位误差随磁场方向与光纤环之间的角度呈现倾斜正弦变化；单层和双层加热片在光纤环下表面处产生的磁场磁敏感相位误差分别为1.299×10−10 rad和5.572×10−12 rad。以上结果证明了双层加热片磁场对光纤陀螺仪的干扰远小于单层加热片，双层加热片产生的电磁干扰更小，更有利于提升光纤陀螺仪的精度。Abstract: In a complex electromagnetic environment, magnetic field interference is one of the main reasons for the error of fiber optic gyroscopes. To reduce the influence of the magnetic field generated by the heating plate in the body of the fiber optic gyroscope on the accuracy of the gyroscope, a double-layer heating plate structure is designed, and a comparative analysis of the magnetic field at the fiber optic ring position above the single-layer and double-layer heating plates is carried out by using the finite element method, and the influence of the magnetic field on the accuracy of the fiber optic gyroscope is calculated based on the analysis results. The results show that the magnetic field of both heating plates is non-uniform at the location of the fiber optic ring. The magnetic flux density near the fiber optic ring to the heating plate has a ring-like distribution, while the magnetic flux density away from the heating plate has a strong center and weak center distribution. With the increase in the distance between the fiber ring plane and the heating plate, the maximum magnetic flux density of the single-layer heating plate on the fiber ring plane is about 30 to 122 times that of the double-layer heating plate. The magnetic sensitivity phase error of the fiber optic gyroscope varies sinusoidally with the direction of the magnetic field and the angle between the fiber ring. The phase errors of the magnetic field on the lower surface of the fiber ring are 1.299×10−10 rad and 5.572×10−12 rad, respectively. The above results prove that the magnetic field of the double-layer heating plate interferes with the fiber-optic gyroscope much less than that of the single-layer heating plate and that the electromagnetic interference generated by the double-layer heating plate is much smaller, which is more conducive to improving the accuracy of the fiber-optic gyroscope.
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图 4 加热片上方不同距离平面磁通密度分布
Figure 4. Magnetic flux density distribution at different distances above the heating sheet
图 5 光纤环直径Ld距离上加热片磁通密度大小
Figure 5. Magnetic flux density on the fiber ring with Ld diameter
图 6 光纤环观测点处加热片磁通密度大小
Figure 6. Magnetic flux density of heating plate at the observation point of optical fiber ring
图 7 双层加热片不同加热丝厚度及加热片间距在空间平面上磁通密度最大值分布曲线
Figure 7. Distribution curve of maximum magnetic flux density for different thickness and spacing of double-layer heating pad wires in the spatial plane
图 8 距离双层加热片表面L1=8.1 mm平面磁场坐标分布
Figure 8. Coordinate distribution of magnetic field in the optical fiber ring plane L1=8.1 mm away from the surface of the double-layer heating plate
图 9 距离加热片Ln的光纤环等分平面上磁场产生的陀螺相位误差
Figure 9. Gyro phase error caused by magnetic field in the bisector plane of the fiber ring distance from the heating plate Ln
表 1 单、双层加热片磁场在空间平面上最大磁通密度值
Table 1. Maximum magnetic flux density value of single and double heating pad magnetic field in the spatial plane
n L/mm maximum value of magnetic flux density
of single-layer heating pad/Tmaximum value of magnetic flux density
of double-layer heating pad/Tmaximum flux density
multiplier1 8.1 8.063×10−6 2.691×10−7 30 2 10.6 6.235×10−6 1.312×10−7 48 3 13.1 5.007×10−6 9.560×10−8 52 4 15.6 4.259×10−6 6.630×10−8 64 5 18.1 3.779×10−6 4.610×10−8 82 6 20.6 3.328×10−6 3.960×10−8 84 7 23.1 3.002×10−6 3.070×10−8 98 8 25.6 2.741×10−6 2.610×10−8 105 9 28.1 2.490×10−6 2.350×10−8 106 10 30.6 2.259×10−6 2.080×10−8 109 11 33.1 2.063×10−6 1.690×10−8 122 
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表 2 加热片磁场对光纤陀螺仪磁敏感相位误差计算参数
Table 2. Calculation parameters of phase error of fiber optic gyroscope sensitivity to heating plate magnetic field
heating plate n L/mm R/m θ′0/(°) B′0/T single-layer 1 8.100 −0.024 −176.251 8.063×10−6 6 20.600 −0.041 −17.341 3.328×10−6 11 33.100 −0.053 −171.174 2.063×10−6 double-layer 1 8.100 −0.020 9.356 2.691×10−7 6 20.600 −0.027 −69.422 3.960×10−8 11 33.100 −0.038 −160.012 1.690×10−8
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表 3 加热片上表面不同距离磁场对陀螺仪产生的磁敏相位误差最大值
Table 3. Maximum phase errors of the gyroscope induced by the magnetic field at different distances on the surface of the heating plate
n L/mm phase error of single layer heating plate/rad phase error of double layer heater/rad 1 8.1 1.299×10−10 5.572×10−12 6 20.6 1.925×10−11 5.343×10−13 11 33.1 3.232×10−12 1.193×10−13
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