Preliminary design of reverse permanent magnet guidance system for E-type waveguide oscillator
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摘要: 开展了E型波导振荡器永磁引导系统的物理与设计研究。对强流相对论电子束在理想方波形反转引导磁场中的传输条件进行了理论分析，给出了相对论条件下轴对称复合场中电子束的傍轴轨迹方程和最小引导磁场的计算公式。根据该理论分析，针对C波段E型波导振荡器高频互作用区的结构特点，设计了反转永磁引导系统，同时给出了漂移管内各个磁场分量的表达式。该系统由轴径向磁化空心永磁体组合产生反转引导磁场，永磁体的总质量约为2.5 kg。采用爆炸发射阴极，展示了强流相对论电子束在该引导磁场中的传输特性。研究结果显示，所设计反转永磁引导系统可引导400 kV、580 A的环形电子束稳定通过半径为6 mm的漂移管，带入器件，得到112.5 MW的4.8 GHz微波输出功率，效率为48.49%，确定了反转永磁引导系统应用于E型波导振荡器的技术可能性。
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关键词:
- 反转永磁引导磁场 /
- E型波导振荡器 /
- 强流相对论环形电子束 /
- 粒子仿真 /
- 能散度
Abstract: The theoretical analysis and simulation on the permanent magnet guidance system of the E-type waveguide oscillator are developed. Firstly, the theoretical analysis of the modified paraxial ray equation, the minimum magnetic field under relativistic conditions and the transmission conditions of an intense relativistic electron beam in ideal reverse guidance magnetic field are presented. Then the reverse permanent magnet guidance system is designed according to the structure characteristics of the high-frequency interaction zone of the C-band E-type waveguide oscillator, and the expression of each magnetic field component is given. The reverse permanent magnet guidance system produces reverse guidance magnetic field by combining axial and radial magnetized cylindrical permanent magnets, and the total weight of the magnets is about 2.5 kg. The transmission characteristics of the intense relativistic electron beam in the guiding magnetic field are shown. The annular intense relativistic electron beam is produced by an explosive emission cathode. The results show that the designed reverse permanent magnet guidance system can guide the annular electron beam, with voltage of 400 kV, current of 580 A, to pass through the drift tube with a radius of 6mm. In addition, the E-type waveguide oscillator can stably generate 4.8 GHz microwave with power of 112.5 MW and efficiency of 48.49%, and the technical possibility of the reverse permanent magnet guidance system applied to the E-type waveguide oscillator is determined. -
图 1 振荡器高频互作用区结构示意图
Figure 1. Schematic of high frequency interaction region of the oscillator
图 4 反转永磁引导系统的磁场分布
Figure 4. Magnetic distribution of reverse permanent magnet guidance system
图 5 反转永磁引导系统中电子轨迹图
Figure 5. Trajectory of electron beam in reverse permanent magnet guidance system
图 6 电子束在反转永磁引导系统中的传输特性
Figure 6. Transmission characteristics of electron beam in reverse permanent magnet guidance system
图 11 E型波导振荡器中电子轨迹图
Figure 11. Trajectory of electron beam in the E-type waveguide oscillator
图 12 电子束在E型波导振荡器中的传输特性
Figure 12. Transmission characteristics of electron beam in the E-type waveguide oscillator
表 1 E型波导振荡器设计参数
Table 1. Design parameters of the E-type waveguide oscillator
beam voltage/
kVbeam current/
Ainner radius of
drifting-tube/mmouter radius of
cathode/mmbeam thickness/
mmminimum magnetic
field/T400 580 6 3 1 0.16 
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表 2 反转永磁引导系统设计参数
Table 2. Design parameters of the reverse permanent magnet guidance system
No. zmin/mm zmax/mm rmin/mm rmax/mm permanent magnet 1 −184 −146 7 34 permanent magnet 2 −164 −151 7 16 permanent magnet 3 −96 −84 19 38 permanent magnet 4 −95 −90 12 19 permanent magnet 5 −90 −85 12 19 permanent magnet 6 −44 −28 18 38 permanent magnet 7 −41 −36 11 18 permanent magnet 8 −36 −31 11 18 permanent magnet 9 −13 22 30 38 permanent magnet 10 37 53 19 38 permanent magnet 11 40 45 12 19 permanent magnet 12 45 50 12 19
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