Research on an improved spiral generator
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摘要: 研究了一种改进型螺旋发生器，以解决传统结构螺旋发生器在匝数较多时输出电压波形第二峰值大于第一峰值和输入开关的峰值电流及其电流上升率较大的问题，并进行了数值仿真和实验验证，仿真结果与实验结果基本吻合。通过电磁场分析波传输过程发现：改进型结构增加的一圈会造成额外的反射，使各层间电压同向叠加的时刻发生改变，从而降低了后续更高峰值的振荡。最终研制了一台改进型螺旋发生器，在15 pF的高压电容负载上可产生第一峰值51 kV、前沿50 ns的输出电压波形，整个发生器体积小于0.5 L。之后该改进型螺旋发生器将结合半导体开关实现高压纳秒脉冲触发器的全固态设计。Abstract: An improved spiral generator is studied to solve the problem that the second peak value of output voltage waveform is larger than the first peak value and the peak current of input switch and its current rise rate are larger when the number of turns of the traditional spiral generator is large. Numerical simulation and experimental verification are carried out, and the simulation results are basically consistent with the experimental results. Through electromagnetic field analysis of the wave transmission process, it is shown that the additional winding of the improved structure will cause extra reflection, which changes the time when the voltage between the layers is superimposed in the same direction, thus reducing the subsequent oscillations of higher peaks. Finally, an improved spiral generator is tested and it can generate a high voltage pulse with the first peak voltage of 51 kV and the leading edge of 50 ns on a high voltage capacitor load of 15 pF. The volume of the whole generator is less than 0.5 L. The improved spiral generator will then be combined with the semiconductor switch to achieve an all-solid-state design of a high-voltage nanosecond pulse trigger generator in the future.
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图 1 螺旋发生器结构示意图及电场矢量分布
Figure 1. Schematic diagram and electric field vector distribution of spiral generator
图 2 螺旋发生器两种不同结构示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of two different structures of spiral generator
图 3 传统结构各端口的位置分布及各端口监测的电压随时间的变化图像
Figure 3. Location distribution of each port and voltage monitored by each port over time of the traditional structure
图 4 改进型结构各端口的位置分布及各端口监测的电压随时间的变化图像
Figure 4. Distribution of the ports and voltage monitored by each port over time of the improved structure
图 5 两种结构螺旋发生器模型的输出电压和开关电流仿真波形
Figure 5. Simulation waveforms of output voltage and switching current of two spiral generator models
图 6 模型1和模型2在第二峰值时刻输出电极附近的电场分布
Figure 6. Electric field distribution near the output electrode of model 1 and model 2 at the second peak time
图 7 改进型结构和传统结构螺旋发生器实物图
Figure 7. Actual diagram of improved structure and conventional structure spiral generator
图 8 改进型结构和传统结构的输出电压和输入开关电流的实验波形对比图
Figure 8. Comparison of experimental waveforms of improved structure and conventional structure at the output voltage and input switching current
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