Engineering reliability design and improvement for pulsed neutron scintillation detector
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摘要: 针对一种在复杂环境条件下进行脉冲中子探测的闪烁探测器，开展了一系列的可靠性设计、保证工作。在设计上通过双通道冗余备份、抗振设计等方式提升了探测器的固有可靠性。此外还采取可靠性建模及指标分配的方式明确了探测器各部件的任务可靠性目标，通过FMECA分析方法研究了探测器各部件的故障模式及其影响，确定了可靠性重要部件。通过运用环境应力筛选试验及可靠性强化试验，进一步提升了探测器的可靠性。经初步验证，采取上述可靠性设计保障技术的脉冲中子探测器，其任务可靠度可达到99.9%以上。Abstract: A series of reliability design work is carried out for a scintillation detector which can detect pulsed neutrons in complex environment. In the design, the inherent reliability of the detector is improved by means of redundant backup of test channels and anti-vibration design. The mission reliability objectives of each component of the detector are defined by means of reliability modeling and index assignment. Through FMECA analysis method, the failure modes and their effects of each component of the detector are studied, and the important component of reliability is determined. The reliability of the detector is further improved by using environmental stress screening test and reliability enhancement test. It is proved that the mission reliability of the pulsed neutron detector with the above reliability design assurance technology is not less than 0.999.
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Key words:
- pulsed neutron /
- scintillation detector /
- reliability /
- FMECA
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表 1 脉冲中子探测器可靠性指标分配表
Table 1. Reliability index distribution of pulsed neutron detector
No functional unit reliability distribution value notes 1 scintillator 0.9999 It is almost impossible to fail below the softening temperature. 2 high voltage module 0.999 0 — 3 high voltage divider 0.999 0 — 4 PMT 0.980 0 Sensitive to the environment and has a history of failures. 5 amplifier 0.990 0 Has a history of failures. 6 connecting system 0.990 0 Has a history of failures. total — 0.9982 — 
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表 2 脉冲中子探测器FMECA表（光电倍增管部分）
Table 2. FMECA table of the pulsed neutron detector (PMT part)
function failure mode cause of
failureeffects of the failure severity probability
levelfault detection
methodscompensation
measureslocal and higher level effects final effects photoelectric conversion and electronic multiplication anode output sensitivity decreases cathode poisoning / MCP resistance change / vacuum decrease the decrease of sensitivity of PMT leads to the decrease of neutron sensitivity The test task failed or the test result showed a large deviation. II C self inspection/neutron sensitivity test monitor the storage performance of the multiplier tube and install it after stabilization anode output discharge decrease of vacuum / interelectrode voltage resistance anode abnormal output damaged amplifier, no neutron signal output The test task failed or the test result showed a large deviation. II C self inspection/neutron sensitivity test strengthen the screening of multiplier tubes and design discharge protection circuits anode output drift exceeds the prescribed limit temperature drift of resistance of MCP neutron sensitivity distortion There is a big deviation in the test results. II C neutron sensitivity testing during temperature testing improving microchannel board resistance and optimizing voltage divider circuits
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