电磁防护技术发展综述与展望

毋召锋; 徐延林; 刘培国; 查淞

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202436.230375

电磁防护技术发展综述与展望

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202436.230375

国防科技大学电子科学学院，长沙 410073

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(62101564、62293491、62293494)；湖南省自然科学基金项目(2022JJ20045)

详细信息

作者简介:
毋召锋，wuzhaofeng13@nudt.edu.cn

通讯作者:
徐延林，13298656824@163.com。

中图分类号: TN82
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- 文章访问数: 419
- HTML全文浏览量: 135
- PDF下载量: 150
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-27
- 修回日期: 2024-01-10
- 录用日期: 2024-01-10
- 网络出版日期: 2024-01-22
- 刊出日期: 2024-02-29

Review and prospect of electromagnetic protection technology development

College of Electronics Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

摘要

摘要: 针对复杂电磁对抗环境中电子信息装备面临的强电磁环境威胁以及防护加固需求，对强电磁防护技术的发展现状进行了综述，并提出了强电磁系统级综合防护的发展展望。强电磁防护是为了保证电子信息装备在强电磁环境中免受损伤或损毁的技术手段，从电磁波的耦合途径分析了当前电磁防护的重点和难点，然后分别以限幅器技术、频率滤波技术、能量选择防护技术三个方面对前门防护技术的发展现状进行了分析总结，最后从新型屏蔽材料和防护器件两个方面对新型电磁防护技术进行了展望，并从前后门一体防护、场路一体防护、多域联合防护三个角度对系统级电磁防护进行了总结，为电子信息装备在复杂电磁环境下的电磁防护加固设计提供了支撑。
- 电磁防护 /
- 强电磁环境 /
- 限幅器技术 /
- 能量选择技术 /
- 频域滤波技术
Abstract: In this article, the development of strong electromagnetic protection technology is reviewed in response to the strong electromagnetic environmental threats and protection reinforcement requirements faced by electronic information equipment in complex electromagnetic countermeasures environments, and the development prospects of strong electromagnetic system level comprehensive protection are proposed. Strong electromagnetic protection is a technical means to ensure that electronic information equipment is not damaged or destroyed in a strong electromagnetic environment. This paper analyzes the current focus and difficulties of electromagnetic protection from the coupling pathway of electromagnetic waves, and then analyzes and summarizes the development status of front door protection technology from three aspects: limiter technology, frequency filtering technology, and energy selection protection technology. Finally, the new electromagnetic protection technology is prospected from two aspects of new shielding materials and protective devices, and the system level electromagnetic protection is summarized from three aspects of integrated front and rear door protection, integrated field and road protection, and multi domain joint protection, which provides support for the electromagnetic protection reinforcement design of electronic information equipment in complex electromagnetic environment.
- electromagnetic protection /
- strong electromagnetic environment /
- limiter technology /
- energy domain selection technology /
- frequency domain filtering technology

HTML全文

图 1 电磁攻击进入电子设备的耦合途径示意图

Figure 1. Coupling pathways for electromagnetic attacks entering electronic devices

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 两款固态半导体限幅器^[13-14]

Figure 2. Two types of solid-state semiconductor limiters^[13-14]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 带通滤波器对于核电磁脉冲的防护效果仿真结果

Figure 3. Simulation results of bandpass filter protection against nuclear electromagnetic pulses

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图 4 限幅滤波器及其时域响应波形

Figure 4. Limiting filter and its time-domain response waveforms

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图 5 能量选择表面的工作示意图

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of energy selective surface

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图 6 两种超宽带能量选择防护结构^[38，56]

Figure 6. Two types of ultra wideband energy selective protection structures^[38，56]

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 北斗导航接收机的强电磁防护罩

Figure 7. Strong electromagnetic pulse protective radome for Beidou navigation receiver

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 电子信息设备前后门综合防护方案

Figure 8. Front and back doors integrated protection method of electronic information equipment

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图 9 射频收发通道的场路一体防护方案

Figure 9. Field-circuit integrated protection method for transmitting and receiving RF channels

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表 1 美国主要厂商典型限幅器性能指标(CW：连续波；P：脉冲)

Table 1. Performance of typical limiters from American (CW: continuous wave; P: pulse)

product model	frequency/GHz	insertion loss/dB	withstand power/W	manufacturer
TGL2201	2～25	1.0	5 (CW)	Qorvo
TGL2927-SM	2～4	0.5	200 (P)	Qorvo
TGL2210-SM	0.05～6	0.7	100 (P)	Qorvo
MALI-010365	2.7～3.8	0.5	100 (P)	Apitech
ACLM-4851	1.0～2.0	1.0	1000 (P)	Aeroflex
ACLM-4601	0.5～18	1.8	200 (P)	Aeroflex

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