预电离间隙在不同气体介质中的正负极性击穿特性

王艺; 郭帆; 陈志强; 贾伟; 王戈飞; 石凌; 谢霖燊; 吴刚; 吴伟

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202436.230392

预电离间隙在不同气体介质中的正负极性击穿特性

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202436.230392

强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应全国重点实验室，西北核技术研究所，西安 710024

基金项目: 强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应全国重点实验室基金资助项目（SKLIPR2105）

详细信息

作者简介:
王　艺，wangyi@nint.ac.cn

中图分类号: TM89
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-06
- 修回日期: 2024-02-01
- 录用日期: 2024-02-01
- 网络出版日期: 2024-02-20
- 刊出日期: 2024-04-28

Breakdown characteristics of pre-ionization trigger gap in different gases under bipolarity pulse

National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Stimulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, China

摘要

摘要: 针对自触发预电离开关在不同电压等级下应用不同气体介质的需要，以及在双边驱动电磁脉冲模拟器中加载正负极性脉冲的需求，研究了预电离间隙在N₂、N₂/SF₆混合气和SF₆中正负极性下的击穿特性。研究了不同介质中间隙的击穿电压和时延随气压的变化规律，对比了正负极性下的间隙击穿特性。研究结果表明，在本文实验条件下，预电离间隙在N₂中的击穿过程相对更为稳定，且N₂中击穿电压随气压变化线性度最佳。相比N₂和混合气，间隙击穿电压仅在SF₆中随气压增大呈现饱和趋势。在一定气压范围内，N₂在负极性下的击穿电压略高于正极性，混合气和SF₆中负极性下的击穿电压明显高于正极性，间隙的击穿过程具有一定的极性效应。相比混合气和N₂，间隙在SF₆中的正负极性击穿电压绝对差值和击穿时延绝对差值都相对较高，为减小双边自触发预电离开关的同步时延差，应首选N₂为预电离间隙的绝缘介质。在工程应用中需考虑极性效应和不同气体介质对预电离间隙击穿特性的影响。
- 预电离间隙 /
- 击穿特性 /
- 极性效应 /
- 绝缘介质 /
- 混合气
Abstract: The breakdown characteristics of trigger gap for the pre-ionization switch in N₂, the mixture of N₂ and SF₆ and SF₆ atmosphere under positive and negative pulse were investigated for the higher voltage grade and bipolarity application. The relationships between the breakdown voltage and delay time of the pre-ionization gap and the pressure of different kinds of gases were obtained, and the breakdown characteristics were compared for the pre-ionization gap under positive and negative polarities. The results of the experiment demonstrated that the breakdown process of the gap in N₂ was more stable, and the linearity of breakdown voltage varying with pressure in N₂ was the best among the three kinds of gases. The breakdown voltage was saturated only in SF₆ with the increase of gas pressure. The breakdown voltage of the gap under negative polarity was higher than that under the positive at some certain values of the pressure, and this phenomenon might suggest that there was a polarity effect upon the breakdown process of pre-ionization gap. Compared with the mixture and N₂, the absolute differences between negative and positive polarity for both breakdown voltage and delay time in SF₆ were relatively higher. N₂ should be preferred as the insulating medium for the pre-ionization gap to reduce the synchronization delay difference of the bipolar self-triggered switches. The polarity effect of the pre-ionization gap and the distinctions among the different kinds of insulated gas medium should be paid more attention in engineering applications for the pre-ionization gap.
- pre-ionization gap /
- breakdown characteristics /
- polarity effect /
- insulated gas medium /
- mixture of gas

HTML全文

图 1 自触发预电离开关结构

Figure 1. Self-triggered pre-ionized switch

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图 2 实验回路示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the experimental circuit

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图 3 实验典型波形

Figure 3. Typical waveform of the experimental results

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图 4 N₂中预电离间隙击穿电压及击穿时延

Figure 4. Breakdown voltage and delay time of pre-ionization gap in N₂

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图 5 N₂和SF₆混合气中预电离间隙击穿电压及击穿时延

Figure 5. Breakdown voltage and delay time of pre-ionization gap in mixture of N₂ and SF₆

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图 6 SF₆中预电离间隙击穿电压及击穿时延

Figure 6. Breakdown voltage and delay time of pre-ionization gap in SF₆

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图 7 不同气体中预电离间隙击穿电压和时延差值及百分比

Figure 7. Difference and percentage of breakdown voltage and delay time between positive and negative polarity for pre-ionization gap in different gases

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表 1 不同气体中击穿电压分散性和击穿时延抖动

Table 1. Variance percentage of breakdown voltage and jitter of delay time for different gas

polarity	variance percentage/%(MPa)			jitter/ns(MPa)
polarity	N₂	N₂/SF₆(1∶1)	SF₆	N₂	N₂/SF₆(1∶1)	SF₆
positive	0.5(0.6)～4.9(0.1)	6.0(0.2)～10.1(0.25)	2.3(0.1)～7.3(0.15)	0.9(0.6)～4.2(0.1)	5.6(0.15)～9.3(0.25)	2.0(0.1)～6.3(0.05)
negative	0.8(0.6)～3.3(0.2)	3.4(0.3)～9.1(0.1)	1.8(0.075)～7.0(0.05)	1.4(0.6)～3.3(0.2)	3.8(0.15)～7.7(0.1)	2.3(0.075)～6.6(0.05)

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