Magnetohydrodynamic electromagnetic pulse produced by high altitude nuclear explosion
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摘要: 高空核爆炸产生的磁流体动力学（晚期）电磁脉冲对电力系统等国家重要基础设施具有严重影响。由于晚期电磁脉冲产生的机理复杂，依赖因素众多，包括爆炸当量、爆高、爆炸方位、爆炸时间、观察点位置以及土壤电导率等，因此，目前还没有成熟的代码可以模拟整个晚期电磁脉冲的产生过程。介绍晚期电磁脉冲的产生机理，讨论晚期电磁脉冲电场随核装置爆炸当量、爆高和大气状况的变化关系。E3A电场峰值随爆炸当量线性增加，而E3B电场峰值则随爆炸当量增加出现明显的饱和效应。分析了当前晚期电磁脉冲模拟代码现状，为进一步研究晚期电磁脉冲数值模拟方法和代码研发提供参考。Abstract: The magnetohydrodynamic (late-time) electromagnetic pulse (E3) generated by high-altitude nuclear explosions has a serious impact on national key infrastructures such as the power system. Due to the complex mechanism of late-time electromagnetic pulse generation and many dependent factors, including explosion yield, explosion height, explosion orientation, explosion time, observation point position and soil conductivity, there is no available mature code that can simulate the whole generation process of late-time electromagnetic pulse. This paper introduces the generation mechanism of late-time electromagnetic pulse, discusses the relationship between the electric field of late-time electromagnetic pulse and the change of explosive yield of nuclear devices, explosive height, and atmospheric conditions. The electric field peak of E3A increases linearly with the explosion equivalent, while the electric field peak of E3B shows obvious saturation effect with the explosion equivalent increase. The current status of the simulation code of late-time electromagnetic pulse is analyzed, and it can provide a reference for further research on the numerical simulation method and code development of late-time electromagnetic pulse.
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