Abstract: Atmospheric refractivity significantly influences optoelectronic measuring accuracy and laser propagation, so an accurate knowledge of the refractivity profile is important. In this paper, calculations of the refractive index using atmospheric parameters for the near and middle infrared are carried out, and then the refractivity profiles of the Gobi zone in Xinjiang are obtained from the sounding data for the latest few years. The statistical distributions of the refractive index in every season for wavelengths of 4 m and 1.32 m are discussed in detail, and the three-parameter exponential mode is proposed to describe the mean refractivity profile. A three-parameter exponential profile for wavelengths of 4 m and 1.32 m in every season is given by nonlinear fitting. The statistical refractive profile is used to correct the refractive error of the data obtained from the optoelectronic equipments in real-time. This correction result is compared with the post correction result using the measured profile, with the difference of them less than 5.