无人机卫星导航系统压制干扰试验方法研究

马立云; 陈亚洲; 张羽瑄; 王玉明

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202537.250107

无人机卫星导航系统压制干扰试验方法研究

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202537.250107

陆军工程大学石家庄校区，石家庄 050003

基金项目: 国防科工局稳定支持计划项目(JCKYS2023DC02); 国防科工局稳定支持计划项目(KYSZGKQT0024002)

详细信息

作者简介:
马立云，271425024@qq.com

通讯作者:
王玉明，ym2006@163.com。

中图分类号: TN972
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- 文章访问数: 54
- HTML全文浏览量: 30
- PDF下载量: 3
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-05-01
- 修回日期: 2025-07-24
- 录用日期: 2025-07-18
- 网络出版日期: 2025-08-08

A test method for dynamic multi-source suppression jamming effects on UAV Satellite Navigation Systems

Army Engineering University of PLA, Shijiazhuang 050003, China

摘要

摘要: 针对无人机卫星导航系统抗压制干扰评估缺乏标准化与定量化的问题，提出一种注入-辐照联合的动态试验方法。该方法构建了可复现多源、动态复杂电磁压制环境的试验体系，实现了从射频注入到空间辐照的全链路考核。以某型七阵元GNSS接收机为对象，静态试验量化了多干扰源对其空间滤波的饱和效应（干信比门限从单源106 dB降至六源60 dB）。动态试验（转速2°/s）揭示了动态场景下干扰空间几何构型变化对系统自适应算法的复杂时域-空域耦合效应：在六干扰源、70 dB干信比下，定位成功率达100%，反而优于其静态失效门限，证实了动态几何构型变化对自适应算法的复杂影响。
- 无人机卫星导航系统 /
- 压制干扰 /
- 动态辐照 /
- 注入-辐照联合试验 /
- 抗干扰能力
Abstract: Background
The operational reliability of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is critically dependent on their Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). However, in increasingly contested electromagnetic environments, the inherent weakness of GNSS signals makes them highly susceptible to suppression jamming, leading to performance degradation or mission failure. Existing test standards often focus on single-jammer, static scenarios and lack the quantitative rigor needed to assess the performance of advanced multi-element antenna systems under complex, dynamic conditions.
Purpose
This research aims to address this gap by developing and validating a standardized, quantitative test methodology for evaluating the anti-suppression-jamming performance of UAV GNSS systems. The objective is to create a reproducible framework that can simulate dynamic, multi-source interference and provide a comprehensive assessment from the RF front-end to the complete system level.
Methods
A hybrid test methodology integrating direct Radio Frequency (RF) injection and over-the-air (OTA) spatial irradiation was established within a microwave anechoic chamber. This “injection-irradiation” approach facilitates a full-link evaluation. Both static and dynamic tests were conducted on a seven-element GNSS adaptive array receiver. Static tests involved assessing performance against an increasing number of jammers (one to six) from fixed spatial locations. Dynamic tests simulated UAV maneuvers by placing the receiver on a turntable rotating at 2°/s, exposing it to a changing interference geometry. Performance was quantified by the jamming-to-signal (J/S) ratio threshold, carrier-to-noise ratio, and positioning success rate.
Results
Static tests quantified a distinct saturation effect on the receiver’s spatial filtering capability; the J/S ratio threshold for positioning failure decreased from 106 dB against a single continuous-wave jammer to 60 dB against six broadband noise jammers. Critically, dynamic tests revealed a complex spatio-temporal coupling effect. In the six-jammer scenario, the system maintained a 100% positioning success rate at a J/S ratio of 70 dB while rotating, paradoxically outperforming its 60 dB static failure threshold. This demonstrates that the constant change in interference geometry can prevent the algorithm from settling into a worst-case nulling solution.
Conclusions
The proposed combined injection-irradiation and dynamic test methodology provides a robust and standardized framework for the quantitative assessment of UAV GNSS anti-jamming capabilities. The findings reveal that static tests alone are insufficient for predicting performance, as dynamic conditions can fundamentally alter the system’s response to multi-source interference. This research offers a critical tool for the realistic evaluation, design optimization, and validation of navigation systems intended for operation in complex electromagnetic environments.
- UAV satellite navigation system /
- suppression jamming /
- dynamic irradiation /
- combined injection-irradiation test /
- anti-Jamming capability

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图 1 卫星导航接收系统单一压制干扰注入试验布局示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the single suppression interference injection test for the satellite navigation receiving system

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 卫星导航接收系统多个压制干扰源注入试验布局示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of the injection test of multiple suppression interference sources in the satellite navigation receiving system

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 传输损耗标定试验布局示意图

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of the transmission loss calibration test layout

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 卫星导航接收系统压制干扰辐照试验布局示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of the suppression interference irradiation test of satellite navigation receiving system

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 测试天线和被测导航接收系统相对位置图

Figure 5. The relative position map of the test antenna and the navigation receiving system under test

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 2 静态三干扰源对某型七阵元GNSS导航信号接收机辐照试验数据记录表

Table 2. Data record sheet for the static three-source irradiation test on a specific model of seven-element array GNSS navigation receiver

interference style	carrier frequency of interference signal /MHz	bandwidth/ MHz	pitch angle/(°)	azimuth angle/(°)	interference to signal ratio/dB	satellite navigation receiver status
interference style	carrier frequency of interference signal /MHz	bandwidth/ MHz	pitch angle/(°)	azimuth angle/(°)	interference to signal ratio/dB	carrier to noise ratio/dB	number of tracked satellites	positioning status (normal/abnormal)
Broadband white noise	1268.52	20	80	60 180 300	60	about 35	12	normal
					62	about 35	10	normal
					64	about 30	9	normal
					69	0	0	abnormal
				0 120 240	50	about 35	12	normal
					55	about 35	13	normal
					60	about 30	12	normal
					64	about 30	7	normal
					69	0	0	abnormal

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表 3 静态六干扰源对某型七阵元GNSS导航信号接收机辐照试验数据记录表

Table 3. Data Record sheet for the static six-source irradiation test on a specific model of seven-element array GNSS navigation receiver

interference style	carrier frequency of interference signal /MHz	Bandwidth/ MHz	pitch angle/(°)	azimuth angle/(°)	interference to signal ratio/dB	satellite navigation receiver status
interference style	carrier frequency of interference signal /MHz	Bandwidth/ MHz	pitch angle/(°)	azimuth angle/(°)	interference to signal ratio/dB	carrier to noise ratio/dB	number of tracked satellites	positioning status (normal/abnormal)
broadband white noise	1268.52	20	80	0 60 120 180 240 300	50	about 35	9	normal
					55	about 30	7	normal
					60	0	0	abnormal

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 动态单干一扰源对某型七阵元GNSS导航信号接收机辐照试验数据记录表

Table 4. Data Record Sheet for the Dynamic Single-Source Irradiation Test on a Specific Model of Seven-Element Array GNSS Navigation Receiver

rotational speed(°/s)	interference style	carrier frequency of interference signal/MHz	bandwidth/ MHz	pitch angle/(°)	azimuth angle/(°)	interference to signal ratio/dB	Satellite navigation receiver status
rotational speed(°/s)	interference style	carrier frequency of interference signal/MHz	bandwidth/ MHz	pitch angle/(°)	azimuth angle/(°)	interference to signal ratio/dB	carrier to noise ratio/dB	number of tracked satellites	positioning status (success rate)
2	Broadband white noise	1268.52	20	80	/	80	About 40	15	99.5%
						85	About 40	16	100%
						90	About 40	16	68.7%
						95	About 40	15	14%

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表 1 静态单一干扰源对某型七阵元GNSS导航信号接收机辐照试验数据记录表

Table 1. Data record sheet for the static single-source irradiation test on a specific model of seven-element array GNSS navigation receiver

interference style	carrier frequency of interference signal/MHz	bandwidth/ MHz	pitch angle/(°)	azimuth angle/(°)	interference to signal ratio/dB	satellite navigation receiver status
interference style	carrier frequency of interference signal/MHz	bandwidth/ MHz	pitch angle/(°)	azimuth angle/(°)	interference to signal ratio/dB	carrier to noise ratio/dB	number of tracked satellites	positioning status (normal/abnormal)
single frequency continuous wave	1268.52	/	80	0	90	about 40	14	normal
					100	about 40	16	normal
					105	about 35	14	normal
					106	0	0	abnormal
broadband white noise	1268.52	20	80	0	80	about 35	10	normal
					83	about 35	10	normal
					84	about 35	10	normal
					85	0	0	abnormal

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表 5 动态三干扰源对某型七阵元GNSS导航信号接收机辐照试验数据记录表

Table 5. Data Record Sheet for the Dynamic Three -Source Irradiation Test on a Specific Model of Seven-Element Array GNSS Navigation Receiver

rotational speed(°/s)	interference style	carrier frequency of interference signal/MHz	bandwidth/ MHz	pitch angle/(°)	azimuth angle/(°)	interference to signal ratio/dB	satellite navigation receiver status
rotational speed(°/s)	interference style	carrier frequency of interference signal/MHz	bandwidth/ MHz	pitch angle/(°)	azimuth angle/(°)	interference to signal ratio/dB	carrier to noise ratio/dB	number of tracked satellites	positioning status (success rate)
2	broadband white noise	1268.52	20	80	/	80	about 40	15	43.1%

下载: 导出CSV

表 6 动态六干扰源对某型七阵元GNSS导航信号接收机辐照试验数据记录表

Table 6. Data Record Sheet for the Dynamic Six -Source Irradiation Test on a Specific Model of Seven-Element Array GNSS Navigation Receiver

rotational speed (°/s)	interference style	carrier frequency of interference signal/MHz	bandwidth/ MHz	pitch angle/(°)	azimuth angle/(°)	interference to signal ratio/dB	satellite navigation receiver status
rotational speed (°/s)	interference style	carrier frequency of interference signal/MHz	bandwidth/ MHz	pitch angle/(°)	azimuth angle/(°)	interference to signal ratio/dB	carrier to noise ratio/dB	number of tracked satellites	positioning status (success rate)
2	broadband white noise	1268.52	20	80	/	70	about 40	11	100%

下载: 导出CSV

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