Capacitor Charging Control Strategy For Multi-modes Hybrid Series Resonance
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摘要: 串联谐振型电容器充电电源凭借高效、高功率密度及抗短路能力，在脉冲功率领域应用广泛。然而，其传统PFM恒流充电控制方式导致充电损耗较大，效率降低，该问题在充电初期阶段表现尤为突出。提出一种多模态混合式恒流充电控制策略，旨在提高电容器充电电源的效率和输入电源的利用率。该策略通过半桥模态（充电初期）、混合式模态（充电中期）及全桥模态（充电后期）的协同控制，实现充电电压无缝切换的同时减小充电损耗、提升效率。此外，通过功率器件的复用设计实现模态切换，既满足高压充电需求，又降低了系统成本。基于此，设计并搭建一台650 V/1 A的充电电源样机。实验表明，相比传统PFM恒流充电控制，该策略显著提高了充电电源的整体效率，最大充电效率为96.4%。该方案不仅为电容储能设备的充电系统提供了高效率、低成本的控制路径，其模态切换机制亦可迁移至其他谐振型变换器的设计中，具备广泛的工程推广价值。Abstract:
Background Series resonant capacitor charging power supply is widely used in the field of pulse power due to its high efficiency, high power density, and short-circuit resistance. However, its traditional PFM constant current charging control method leads to significant charging losses and reduced efficiency, which is particularly prominent in the early stages of charging.Purpose A multimodal hybrid constant-current charging control strategy is proposed to enhance both the charging efficiency and input power utilization.Methods This strategy achieves smooth transitions of charging voltage while reducing charging losses and improving efficiency through collaborative control of half-bridge mode (early charging stage), hybrid mode (mid charging stage), and full-bridge mode (late charging stage). In addition, the conversion of working modes is achieved by multiplexing power devices, which not only meets the requirements of high-voltage charging but also reduces system costs.Results Based on this approach, a 650 V/1 A charging power supply prototype has been designed and built. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared to conventional PFM control, the proposed strategy significantly improves overall charging efficiency, achieving a maximum efficiency of 96.4%.Conclusions This method not only provides an effective solution for capacitor energy storage charging systems with high efficiency and low cost, but its modal switching mechanism is also transferable to the design of other resonant converters, demonstrating broad engineering applicability.-
Key words:
- series resonance /
- capacitor charging /
- constant current control /
- hybrid control /
- Multi-modes control
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图 3 恒流充电过程的电压频率曲线
Figure 3. Voltage-frequency curve of constant current charging process
图 5 混合式控制的等效电路
Figure 5. Equivalent circuit of LC resonant converter in hybrid control
表 1 已知参数与设计参数
Table 1. Known parameters and design parameters
Parameters Values Parameters Values input voltage Vin/V 60 Resonant Inductor Lr/μH 15 output voltage Vo/V 650 resonant capacitor Cr/μF 0.7 output current Io/A 1 Transformer turns ratio N 11 Resonant frequency fr/kHz 50 
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