Domestic ECRH 175 GHz megawatt gyrotron achieves 500 kW/100 s long-pulse output
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摘要: 报道了面向磁约束聚变电子回旋共振加热（ECRH）应用的175 GHz长脉冲回旋管的最新实验进展。该回旋管输出窗采用了金刚石窗，电子枪采用双阳极磁控注入枪，谐振腔工作模式为TE28,11，收集极采用了单极降压和纵向扫描线圈。通过实验调试和长时间老炼，该回旋管实现了输出功率500 kW、连续工作100 s的实验结果，总效率达到为46%。这是国内首次在ECRH回旋管研究中实现百千瓦级100 s长脉冲输出。Abstract:
Background Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ECRH) is essential for plasma heating in magnetic confinement fusion, relying on high-power gyrotrons. Advanced fusion projects such as ITER, CFETR, and BEST require large numbers of high-frequency, high-power, long-pulse gyrotrons. Although such devices have been developed internationally, China had not previously achieved a fusion-compatible long-pulse megawatt gyrotron.Purpose This letter presents recent experimental results from a 175 GHz long-pulse gyrotron developed at China Academy of Engineering Physics, aiming to validate its design and demonstrate 100 s continuous operation at the hundred-kilowatt level.Methods The gyrotron uses a diamond window, operates in the TE28,11 mode, and employs a triode magnetron injection gun and a single-stage depressed collector with vertical sweeping. Power was measured calorimetrically using a water load, and thermal behavior of key components was monitored. Systematic conditioning and parameter tuning extended pulse length progressively.Results The gyrotron achieved stable output of 500 kW for 100 s with 46% total efficiency. Output frequency remained at 175.04 GHz with less than 40 MHz drift. The measured efficiency matches design expectations, confirming stable device performance. This is China’s first hundred-kilowatt-level 100 s ECRH gyrotron operation.Conclusions Successful 500 kW/100 s operation validates the gyrotron design and supports its use in domestic fusion devices. Future efforts will upgrade the power supply for megawatt long-pulse operation and conduct joint tests with domestic fusion facilities.-
Key words:
- gyrotron /
- megawatt /
- electron cyclotron resonance heating /
- magnetic confinement fusion
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图 1 175 GHz MW回旋管照片和实验系统
Figure 1. The 175 GHz MW gyrotron photograph and experimental setup
图 2 500 kW/100 s运行时的回旋管电压电流波形
Figure 2. Voltage-Current Waveform during 500 kW/100 s Operation
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