一级Marx压缩的高稳定纳秒脉冲电源的设计

姚学玲; 焦梓家; 孙晋茹; 谌贝; 陈景亮

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202335.220362

一级Marx压缩的高稳定纳秒脉冲电源的设计

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202335.220362

1.
西安交通大学电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室，西安 710049
2.
北京无线电计量测试研究所，北京 100854

基金项目: 强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应国家重点实验室开放课题基金项目(SKLIPR2101)

详细信息

作者简介:
姚学玲，xlyao@xjtu.edu.cn

通讯作者:
孙晋茹，jinrusun2016@xjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TM835
计量
- 文章访问数: 440
- HTML全文浏览量: 145
- PDF下载量: 94
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-28
- 修回日期: 2023-03-20
- 录用日期: 2023-03-09
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-23
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-06

Design of high stability nanosecond pulse power supply based on one-stage Marx compression

1.
State Key Laboratory of Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
2.
Beijing Institute of Radio Metrology and Measurement, Beijing 100854, China

摘要

摘要: 针对目前缺乏标准纳秒高压脉冲电源的现状，开展高稳定性纳秒高压脉冲电源回路分析、结构设计及性能测试研究。通过建立纳秒脉冲发生器等效电路模型，仿真计算获得5级初级脉冲发生电路参数，以及一级压缩陡化间隙对纳秒脉冲特性的影响规律。通过纳秒高压脉冲电源结构设计及低抖动电晕稳定开关特性研究，建立高稳定输出的纳秒脉冲电源系统。研制纳秒电阻分压器，建立基于ns及µs量级传递校准测试相结合的刻度因数标定方法，准确获得纳秒电阻分压器的刻度因数。脉冲电源输出特性测试结果表明：纳秒脉冲电源系统可以输出上升时间2.3 ns±0.5 ns、幅值范围10～60 kV的指数纳秒脉冲；输出脉冲电压在全幅值范围内的相对标准偏差不大于±1.5%。
- 纳秒脉冲电源 /
- 电阻分压器 /
- 分布电容 /
- 标定方法 /
- 相对标准偏差
Abstract: In response to the lack of standard nanosecond high-voltage pulse power supply, this paper carries out the circuit analysis, structural design and performance testing of high-stability nanosecond high-voltage pulse power supply. By establishing the equivalent circuit model of nanosecond pulse generator, the circuit parameters of 5-stage primary pulse generation and the influence law of one-stage compression steepening gap on the characteristics of nanosecond pulse are obtained by simulation. The nanosecond high-voltage pulse power supply structure design and low jitter corona stabilization switching characteristics are studied to establish a nanosecond pulse power supply system with highly stable output. Development of a nanosecond resistive voltage divider and establishment of a scale factor calibration method based on a combination of nanosecond and microsecond scale transfer calibration tests are made to accurately obtain the scale factor of the nanosecond resistive voltage divider. The pulse power supply output characteristics test results show that the nanosecond pulse power supply system can output exponential nanosecond pulses with a rise time of 2.3 ns±0.5 ns and an amplitude range of 10−60 kV; the relative standard deviation of the output pulse voltage in the full amplitude range is within ±1.5%.
- nanosecond pulse supply /
- pulse resistor divider /
- distributed capacitance /
- calibration method /
- relative standard deviation

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图 1 纳秒脉冲发生器的原理电路

Figure 1. Principle circuit of nanosecond pulse generation

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图 2 Marx一级压缩回路

Figure 2. Marx one-stage compression circuit

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图 3 陡化时刻对纳秒脉冲源输出结果的影响

Figure 3. Effect of steepening moment on the output of nanosecond pulse generator

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图 4 陡化电感对一级压缩纳秒脉冲输出的影响

Figure 4. Effect of steepening inductance on the output of one-stage compression nanosecond pulse

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图 5 纳秒脉冲发生器回路的结构

Figure 5. Structure of nanosecond pulse generator circuit

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图 6 Marx发生回路电晕稳定放电开关的结构及电场分布

Figure 6. Structure and electric field distribution of corona stabilized discharge switch in Marx generation circuit

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图 7 电晕稳定放电开关的放电时延和抖动

Figure 7. Discharge time delay and jitter of corona stabilized discharge switch

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图 8 Marx发生回路和陡化电容

Figure 8. Marx generator and steepening capacitor

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图 9 参与传递的传感器的方波响应

Figure 9. Square wave response of the sensor involved

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图 10 纳秒电阻分压器与P5100A的对比测量波形

Figure 10. Comparison measurement waveform of nanosecond resistance divider with P5100A

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图 11 纳秒电源的输出波形

Figure 11. Output waveforms of nanosecond power supply

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表 1 一级压缩电路的部分电路参数

Table 1. Circuit parameters of the one-stage compression circuit

	capacitor/pF	inductance/nH	resistor/Ω
primary pulse circuit	500	～1000	～2
steepening circuit	200	100	—
load resistor	—	—	50

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表 2 陡化开关动作时间对纳秒脉冲电压参数的影响

Table 2. Effect of steepening switch action time on nanosecond pulse voltage parameters

steepening time/ns	rise time/ns		peak output voltage/kV		efficiency/%
steepening time/ns	primary pulse	compressed pulse	primary pulse	compressed pulse	efficiency/%
16	11.58	4.492	14.15	12.94	91.45
19	12.97	3.438	16.08	14.48	90.05
25	16.70	2.809	21.12	18.89	89.44
35	21.59	2.305	28.17	21.59	76.64
40	21.88	2.223	28.40	20.41	71.87

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表 3 纳秒脉冲电源的输出特性

Table 3. Output characteristics of nanosecond pulse power supply

No.	voltage amplitude at each voltage block/kV
No.	15 kV	25 kV	35 kV	40 kV	50 kV	60 kV
1	14.88	24.16	35.55	40.10	50.60	59.78
2	14.90	24.65	34.72	39.86	49.89	57.90
3	15.24	23.87	34.38	39.59	49.87	61.06
4	15.03	24.48	34.93	39.65	51.35	60.24
5	14.76	24.17	35.34	40.17	51.49	59.51
6	14.79	24.49	34.48	39.39	51.09	61.03
7	14.91	24.35	35.98	39.61	50.33	58.55
8	15.01	24.75	34.71	39.88	50.28	59.07
9	15.14	24.47	34.50	40.10	50.55	59.04
10	14.77	24.18	35.66	39.71	49.85	60.64
11	14.15	24.32	35.92	40.36	51.06	59.06
12	14.88	24.15	35.30	39.42	51.73	59.51
13	14.78	24.49	34.99	39.36	50.24	59.05
14	14.89	24.05	34.45	39.69	51.37	59.44
15	14.88	24.68	35.13	39.66	50.65	58.57
16	14.89	24.84	34.38	38.97	51.35	59.04
17	14.87	24.50	34.88	39.95	50.66	58.68
18	14.80	24.79	34.71	39.88	50.69	60.64
19	14.91	23.68	35.45	40.66	50.24	58.67
20	15.22	24.22	34.93	40.05	50.23	60.23
21	14.88	24.17	34.71	39.65	49.84	60.16
22	15.00	24.33	34.47	40.10	50.59	59.49
23	15.14	24.32	34.68	39.86	50.68	60.98
24	15.00	24.04	35.13	39.36	50.57	59.91
25	15.14	24.00	34.54	39.92	52.67	59.44
26	14.65	24.34	34.11	39.61	49.46	59.09
27	15.01	24.67	33.99	39.70	50.67	59.48
28	14.92	24.69	34.92	39.79	49.86	58.56
29	15.12	24.15	34.71	39.61	50.92	59.10
30	15.12	24.54	34.68	40.05	50.96	59.07
average value	14.92	24.35	34.88	39.79	50.66	59.50
standard deviation (relative standard deviation)	0.21(1.383%)	0.29(1.171%)	0.49(1.417%)	0.34(0.845%)	0.68(1.336%)	0.82(1.375%)

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