“星光”超短超强激光实验平台发展现状

吴玉迟; 韩智龙; 李纲; 赵宗清; 周维民

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202638.250390

“星光”超短超强激光实验平台发展现状

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250390

中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心等离子体物理全国重点实验室，四川绵阳 621900

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(12175212、12275250、12275253)

详细信息

作者简介:
吴玉迟，wuyuchi@caep.cn

通讯作者:
赵宗清，zhaozongqing99@caep.cn。

中图分类号: O437
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- 文章访问数: 16
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-11-01
- 修回日期: 2025-01-08
- 录用日期: 2025-12-16
- 网络出版日期: 2026-01-28

Status and recent progress of the “XingGuang” ultrashort and ultra-intense laser experimental platform

National Key Laboratory of Plasma Physics, Laser Fusion Research Center, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China

摘要

摘要: 综述了等离子体物理全国重点实验室“星光”超短超强脉冲激光实验平台的发展历程与现状。目前，平台包括星光III装置与SILEX-II装置。面向惯性约束聚变（ICF）、高能量密度物理（HEDP）、极端条件下的物质特性等研究开放，提供极端状态产生、“泵浦-探测”等关键实验能力。重点介绍了星光III装置和SILEX-II装置的系统构成与关键技术。星光III装置可实现纳秒、皮秒、飞秒三种脉宽激光的高精度同步输出；SILEX-II装置采用全OPCPA架构，可实现高对比度、拍瓦级峰值功率飞秒激光脉冲。最后，展示了“星光”平台上开展的多束激光协同的代表性实验。
- 激光器 /
- 超短超强脉冲激光 /
- 星光III /
- SILEX-II /
- 光参量啁啾脉冲放大
Abstract: This review summarizes the evolution and present capabilities of the “XingGuang” ultrashort and ultra-intense laser platform at the National Key Laboratory of Plasma Physics (CAEP), which integrates the XingGuang-III (XG-III) multi-pulse facility and the all-OPCPA SILEX-II multi-petawatt system. Targeting inertial confinement fusion (ICF), high-energy-density physics (HEDP), and matter under extreme conditions, the platform enables both extreme-state creation and time-resolved pump–probe measurements. We outline the system architecture, key enabling technologies, and experimental capabilities. XG-III adopts a common-seed, split-and-amplify design that delivers femtosecond/picosecond/nanosecond beams with sub-picosecond timing jitter (<1.32 ps); typical operating points reach～20 J/26.8 fs,～370 J/(0.48–10 ps) and～575 J/1 ns, with on-target focal spots below 10 μm (fs) and 20 μm (ps). SILEX-II employs a full optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (OPCPA) chain to achieve～5 PW peak power after compression to～18.6 fs while retaining >90 J, combining >10^10 temporal contrast (tens of ps before the main pulse) with near-diffraction-limited focusing (～3.3×4.0 μm FWHM) enabled by adaptive optics and achromatic compensation, reaching intensities above 10²⁰ W/cm². In addition, we present representative multi-beam, coordinated experiments enabled by the platform, including three-dimensional proton imaging of temperature-gradient-driven Weibel magnetic fields and energy-loss measurements of intense ion beams in warm dense plasmas, highlighting its strong potential for frontier research.
- lasers /
- ultrashort and ultra-intense laser /
- XingGuang-III /
- SILEX-II /
- optical parametric chirped pulse amplification

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图 1 星光系列建成的一系列激光装置的照片

Figure 1. Photographs of a series of laser facilities built at the“XingGuang”

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图 2 星光III的具体布局。引用自文献[46]

Figure 2. Configuration of XingGuang-III. Reprinted from Ref. [46]

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图 3 星光III的光束设计架构。引用自文献[45]

Figure 3. Optical beamline architecture of XingGuang-III. Reprinted from Ref. [45]

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图 4 皮秒与飞秒束的种子脉冲产生。引用自文献[45]

Figure 4. Seed-pulse generation for the picosecond and femtosecond beams. Reprinted from Ref. [45]

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图 5 三束光的光谱与时间脉宽。引用自文献[45]

Figure 5. Measured spectra and temporal pulse profiles for three beamsReprinted from Ref. [45]

(a) and (b) for the femtosecond beam (c) and (d) for the picosecond beam for large-energy shots (e) and (f) for the nanosecond beam after frequency doubling

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图 6 上靶焦斑。引用自文献[46]

Figure 6. On-target focal spots. Reprinted from Ref. [46]

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图 7 靶室与三束激光的光路，引用自文献[46]

Figure 7. Target chamber and beam paths of the three lasers. Reprinted from Ref. [46]

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图 8 SILEX-II 全 OPCPA激光装置原理示意图。引用自文献[48]

Figure 8. Schematic of the SILEX-II laser system with full optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification (OPCPA). Reprinted from Ref. [48]

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图 9 自适应光学系统的示意图。DM：可变形镜，OAP：离轴抛物面镜。引用自文献[47]

Figure 9. Schematic of the adaptive optics (AO) system. DM: deformable mirror; OAP: off-axis parabolic mirror. Reprinted from Ref. [47]

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图 10 SILEX-II 装置的靶区。引用自文献[49]

Figure 10. Target area of the SILEX-II facility. Reprinted from Ref. [49]

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图 11 激光聚焦特性诊断实验诊断结果。引用自文献[49]

Figure 11. Diagnostic results of the laser-focusing characterization experiment. Reprinted from Ref. [49]

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图 12 激光信噪比诊断实验结果。引用自文献[49]

Figure 12. Results of the temporal-contrast diagnostic. Reprinted from Ref. [49]

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图 13 激光强度诊断实验结果。引用自文献[49]

Figure 13. Results of the laser-intensity diagnostic. Reprinted from Ref. [49]

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图 14 温度梯度驱动 Weibel 磁场生成的 3维质子成像实验设置。引用自文献[54]

Figure 14. Experimental setup for 3D proton radiography of temperature-gradient-driven Weibel magnetic-field generation. Reprinted from Ref. [54]

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图 15 强碰撞铜（Cu）等离子体与弱碰撞塑料（CH）等离子体中自生磁场的三维同步质子照相。引用自文献[54]

Figure 15. Simultaneous 3D proton radiography of self-generated magnetic fields in a strongly collisional copper (Cu) plasma and a weakly collisional plastic (CH) plasma. Reprinted from Ref. [54]

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图 16 实验排布与测量，引用自文献[55]

Figure 16. Layout of the experiment. Reprinted from Ref. [55]

（a) A ps laser is focused onto a tungsten foil, generating intense short-pulse ion beams with different species. A magnetic dipole with slits at the entrance and exit serve as p/q analyser to select monoenergetic ion beams. Such ions interact with the laser-generated plasma target and emerge from the target with a lower energy due to the incurred energy loss. The final-state energy is measured by a Thomson parabola in conjunction with CR39 film (b) Parabola spectra of laser-accelerated ions without dipole measured by Thomson parabola in conjunction with Fuji image plate (c) The target consists of a gold hohlraum converter to produce the soft X-rays that irradiate the TCA foam to generate a dense ionized sample (d) The insert shows the simulation result of an intense proton beam moving along the z direction, inducing a strong longitudinal electric field, which is counter directional to the proton beam propagation, causing the unusual high degree of stopping

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表 1 星光III装置三束激光运行参数

Table 1. Operating parameters of the three beams on the XingGuang-III facility

	fs beam	ps beam	ns beam
Aperture	Φ160 mm	240 mm×240 mm	190 mm×190 mm
Central wavelength	800 nm	1053 nm	527 nm
Maximum output energy	20.12 J (typical 8–10 J)	370.2 J (typical 80–120 J; peak 150 J)	575.4 J (typical 150–200 J)
Energy fluctuation	±10%@15 J	±10%@100 J	±10%@180 J
Pulse width (FWHM)	26.8 fs (typically ＜ 50 fs)	0.5–10 ps (typically ＜ 1 ps)	1.1 ns (typically 1.1 ns ± 0.2 ns; independent source tunable 1.5–3 ns)
Pulse width fluctuation	±5 fs@30 fs	±0.1 ps@0.8 ps	±0.1 ns
Focal-spot diameter	＜10 μm	＜20 μm	＜ 144 μm (with CPP; Φ1 mm uniform far field)
Energy concentration (within 3× diffraction limit)	＞30%	＞30%	—
Temporal contrast	＞10⁸:1	＞10⁸:1	—
Repetition	20 min/shot	2 h/shot	2 h/shot
Synchronization jitter	≈1 ps with a tuning range of ±500 ps; for the ns independent source, tuning range ±5 μs and synchronization jitter ＜ 100 ps

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表 2 SILEX-II激光运行参数

Table 2. Operating parameters of the SILEX-II laser

central wavelength/nm	polarization	pulse duration (FWHM)/fs	maximum output energy/J	temporal contrast	energy concentration/%	peak intensity (on target)/(W/cm²)
800	S	30±10	30±10	＞ 10¹⁰:1 (beyond 50 ps)	＞50 within Φ10 μm	＞10²⁰

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