300 kV pre-ionization annular-cathode gas switch
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摘要: 随着高功率脉冲技术向实际应用的快速发展，对高压气体开关自击穿稳定性提出更高要求。提出了一种辅助环形刀刃调控初始电子、环形半球导通主电流的预电离阴极开关思路。设计出一种300 kV级预电离环形阴极气体开关，当开关间距为35 mm时，预电离开关刀刃处场增强因子设计为6.2，与半球处场增强因子之比为3.2。开展了数十微秒脉冲作用下开关击穿特性实验研究，结果显示，当氮气压力为0.5 MPa、重复频率为1 Hz时，预电离气体开关平均击穿电压为322.5 kV，幅值抖动为0.44%；相比纯环形半球开关，预电离气体开关击穿电压下降17.6%，幅值抖动下降82%。实验研究表明该预电离气体开关在高电压低抖动方面优势明显。Abstract:
Background The rapid advancement of high-power pulse technology towards practical application imposes higher demands on the self-breakdown stability of high-voltage gas switches.Purpose This paper proposes a pre-ionization cathode switch concept, which utilizes an auxiliary annular blade edge to regulate initial electrons and an annular hemisphere to conduct the main current. A 300 kV-level pre-ionization annular cathode gas switch was designed.Methods With a switch gap of 35 mm, the field enhancement factor at the blade edge of the pre-ionization switch was designed to be 6.2, resulting in a ratio of 3.2 compared to the field enhancement factor at the hemisphere. Experimental investigations on the breakdown characteristics under microsecond-level pulses were conducted.Results The results indicate that in nitrogen at 0.5 MPa and a repetition rate of 1 Hz, the pre-ionization gas switch achieved an average breakdown voltage of 322.5 kV with a amplitude jitter of 0.44%. Compared to a pure annular hemispherical switch, the pre-ionization switch exhibits a 17.6% reduction in breakdown voltage and an 82% decrease in amplitude jitter.Conclusions The experimental study demonstrates that this pre-ionization gas switch offers significant advantages in achieving high voltage and low jitter.-
Key words:
- self-breakdown /
- gas switches /
- low jitter /
- pre-ionization /
- annular cathode
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图 2 预电离气体开关模型及电场仿真图
Figure 2. Model and electric field simulation diagram of pre-ionization gas switch
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