Investigation of impact mechanisms in low-energy high- current H<sup>−</sup> beam interactions with compensation gases

Zhu Rui; Liu Tong; Wang Baichuan; Yan Yihua; Wang Minwen; Yang Ye; Zhao Mingtong; Ye Wenbo; Ta Mingze; Wang Zhongming

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202537.250208

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Article Navigation > High Power Laser and Particle Beams > 2025 > Accepted Manuscript

Zhu Rui, Liu Tong, Wang Baichuan, et al. Investigation of impact mechanisms in low-energy high- current H− beam interactions with compensation gases[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202537.250208

Citation:

Zhu Rui, Liu Tong, Wang Baichuan, et al. Investigation of impact mechanisms in low-energy high- current H⁻ beam interactions with compensation gases[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202537.250208

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Investigation of impact mechanisms in low-energy high- current H⁻ beam interactions with compensation gases

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202537.250208

1.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
2.
National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect, Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an 710024, China

Received Date: 2025-07-13
Accepted Date: 2025-09-02
Rev Recd Date: 2025-09-06

Available Online: 2025-09-13

Abstract

Abstract

Background
Space charge effects pose a significant challenge in high current ion beam transport, particularly in low energy beam transport (LEBT) systems where beam intensity is high and energy is relatively low. Active injection of gas has been proposed as an effective method to mitigate these effects. However, for negative hydrogen ion beams, the physical mechanisms involved are highly complex due to competing processes such as ionization, electron stripping, etc.
Purpose
This study aims to investigate the interaction mechanisms between negative hydrogen ion beams and gas within an LEBT system, and to evaluate the influence of gas species and pressure on beam parameters including emittance and beam current.
Methods
Numerical simulations based on the Particle-In-Cell (PIC) method were conducted using the Warp code, incorporating physical processes including ionization, electron stripping, and elastic scattering. A three-dimensional simulation model was established to analyze space charge compensation effects under nitrogen and argon gas environments. Experimental measurements of beam current and emittance were simultaneously carried out on the XiPAF accelerator facility to validate simulation results.
Results
Both simulations and experiments revealed that the effects of gas scattering and electron stripping cannot be neglected in space charge compensation of negative hydrogen ion beams.
Conclusions
This research highlights the complexity of space charge compensation in negative hydrogen ion beams and emphasizes the need to consider multiple physical interactions in the design and operation of high-current LEBT systems. The findings provide practical insights for optimizing gas compensation parameters in similar accelerator facilities.
- low energy beam transport line,
- XiPAF,
- space charge compensation,
- elastic scattering

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References(31)

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