Domestic ECRH 175 GHz megawatt gyrotron achieves 500 kW/100 s long-pulse output

Hu Linlin; Huang Qili; Hu Peng; Zhuo Tingting; Gong Shenggang; Liu Haozhong; Sun Dimin; Ma Guowu; Ma Hongge

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202638.250455

Volume 38 Issue 1

Dec. 2025

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Hu Linlin, Huang Qili, Hu Peng, et al. Domestic ECRH 175 GHz megawatt gyrotron achieves 500 kW/100 s long-pulse output[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2026, 38: 013001. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250455

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Hu Linlin, Huang Qili, Hu Peng, et al. Domestic ECRH 175 GHz megawatt gyrotron achieves 500 kW/100 s long-pulse output[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2026, 38: 013001. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250455

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Domestic ECRH 175 GHz megawatt gyrotron achieves 500 kW/100 s long-pulse output

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202638.250455

Institute of Applied Electronics, CAEP, Mianyang 621900, China

Received Date: 2025-12-10
Accepted Date: 2025-12-18
Rev Recd Date: 2025-12-22

Available Online: 2025-12-19

Publish Date: 2025-12-18

Abstract

Abstract

Background
Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (ECRH) is essential for plasma heating in magnetic confinement fusion, relying on high-power gyrotrons. Advanced fusion projects such as ITER, CFETR, and BEST require large numbers of high-frequency, high-power, long-pulse gyrotrons. Although such devices have been developed internationally, China had not previously achieved a fusion-compatible long-pulse megawatt gyrotron.
Purpose
This letter presents recent experimental results from a 175 GHz long-pulse gyrotron developed at China Academy of Engineering Physics, aiming to validate its design and demonstrate 100 s continuous operation at the hundred-kilowatt level.
Methods
The gyrotron uses a diamond window, operates in the TE_28,11 mode, and employs a triode magnetron injection gun and a single-stage depressed collector with vertical sweeping. Power was measured calorimetrically using a water load, and thermal behavior of key components was monitored. Systematic conditioning and parameter tuning extended pulse length progressively.
Results
The gyrotron achieved stable output of 500 kW for 100 s with 46% total efficiency. Output frequency remained at 175.04 GHz with less than 40 MHz drift. The measured efficiency matches design expectations, confirming stable device performance. This is China’s first hundred-kilowatt-level 100 s ECRH gyrotron operation.
Conclusions
Successful 500 kW/100 s operation validates the gyrotron design and supports its use in domestic fusion devices. Future efforts will upgrade the power supply for megawatt long-pulse operation and conduct joint tests with domestic fusion facilities.
- gyrotron,
- megawatt,
- electron cyclotron resonance heating,
- magnetic confinement fusion

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References(9)

References

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