Background The low-altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulse (NEMP) is significantly influenced by the ground environment, which results in the absence of a standard waveform and precludes the direct application of a source when analyzing its interaction with typical targets.
Purpose This paper proposes an equivalent principle-based method to introduce the source for analyzing low-altitude NEMP interaction with targets, a challenge arising from the significant ground influence on the waveform and the absence of a unified description.
Methods By constructing a closed equivalent surface enclosing the target, the influence of the external incident wave is converted into the excitation of equivalent electric and magnetic current sources on that surface. The validity of this equivalent method is verified using the finite-difference time-domain method.
Results Taking a typical ship platform as the research object, the induced current time-domain responses of a shipboard whip antenna are calculated for low-altitude nuclear explosion scenarios with yields of 10 kT、100 kT and 1 MT. The results indicate a nonlinear relationship between the induced current in the antenna load and the explosion yield.
Conclusions The proposed approach demonstrates significant generality, extending effectively to the analysis of electromagnetic coupling between arbitrary incident pulses and complex targets, particularly in scenarios where a standard or unified waveform description is unavailable.
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