Abstract: Based on the jet polishing mechanism of single nozzle structure, the impact caused by the variations of particle diameter and polishing liquid concentration is studied. In consideration of the actual manufacture process, the particle diameters is nonuniform, thus a theoretical model has been established to discuss the material removal characteristic at the non-ideal condition.The impact of different particle size distribution on the material removal characteristics is mainly investigated. The results show that the material removal amount decreases with the increase of particle diameters, it increases with the increase of the mass concentration of the polishing solution. In addition, when the particle size is randomly distributed, significant fluctuation appears in material removal. The magnitude of the fluctuation is directly related to the average diameter of the polishing particles. Compared with the ideal uniform distribution, the removal amount caused by the un-uniform particles is relatively bigger.