透射式X光管研制

Development of transmission target X-ray tube

摘要: X光管是X射线源的关键部件，为了研制出便携式X射线标定源，研制了一种透射式X光管。该X光管是一个密封的电子束真空二极管，其阴极为竖直的梳齿状结构，电子更容易发射；靶窗为100 μm厚的钛片；内部为真空腔，使用95陶瓷作为真空界面绝缘体，采用金属-陶瓷封接工艺，真空度达到5×10⁻⁵ Pa。实验结果表明，所研制的X光管在距靶窗20 cm处剂量约为20 mR，此时X射线的脉冲宽度约为5 ns。

Abstract: The X-ray tube is a key component of an X-ray source. An X-ray tube used for a compact nanosecond pulsed X-ray source is described in this paper. The X-ray tube is a sealed transmission target X-ray diode. Its cathode is acomb structure formed from thin tungsten sheets with thickness of 50 μm, while its target is made of a 100 μm-thick titanium film. The X-ray dose at a distance of 20 cm from the diode is 20 mR per pulse while the diode voltage is 512 kV. In this case, the full width at half maximum of the X-ray pulse is about 5 ns.