Abstract: In view of the influence of ultrasonic vibration on the temperature field of laser ablation of aluminum surface, a three-dimensional numerical model was established, and the temperature field of ultrasonic vibration assisted laser ablation of metal aluminum was numerically simulated by using ANSYS software. By comparing the change of temperature field of two adjacent spots with time under different laser scanning speed and ultrasonic vibration frequency, it is found that the temperature, size and position of adjacent spots all change. The numerical results show that with the increase of laser scanning speed, the maximum temperature of laser scanning to the same position decreases, and the depth of craters becomes shallow. Due to the displacement of medium molecules caused by ultrasonic vibration, when the ultrasonic vibration frequency is 15 kHz, the temperature of the crater decreases significantly and the crater position is misplaced in the direction of vibration, which is conducive to the generation of a new laser action trajectory. These experimental results have a certain guiding effect on the design of ultrasonic vibration assisted laser control parameters.