Abstract: Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) research in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is based on modulation targets with multiple structures. In this paper, aiming at the present problems existing in the preparation of modulation targets, three typical modulation targets of planar modulation, planar composite modulation and spherical shell modulation have been prepared by two-photon 3D printing process. The target material is photosensitive resin (95%: C₂₃H₃₈N₂O₈, 5%: C₄H₆O₂). The actual structural parameters of the three modulation targets were analyzed using laser confocal microscopy imaging. The measured morphologies and parameters of the three targets show good matching with the designed structures. To further validate the feasibility of using new two-photon 3D printing process for preparing modulation targets, nanosecond laser targeting experiments were conducted on the “Shenguang II” high-power laser experimental facility. The results show that the modulation of the target surface increased with time due to the action of RTI under direct laser driving. The modulation with an initial peak valley value of 4 μm formed a high-density jet with a length of up to 100 μm after 2.5 ns of laser driving, which indicates that the preparation of complex modulation targets based on high-precision 3D printing technology is highly feasible for RTI research.