Recent progress of temporal coherent combination of chirped pulses in fiber lasers
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摘要:
脉冲时域相干合成技术主要通过对功率放大后的高重频脉冲序列进行时序合成，从而降低激光的重复频率，有效地提升输出脉冲的峰值功率与能量，避免放大过程中高峰值功率引起的非线性效应。该技术与空域相干合成相结合，能够突破单纤激光的性能极限，实现高能量、高平均功率和高峰值功率的超短脉冲激光输出，具有广阔的应用前景。介绍了超短脉冲光纤激光时域相干合成的基本原理和关键技术，综述了时域相干合成系统的发展历程及其关键技术的研究现状，重点介绍了近年来脉冲分割放大与脉冲相干堆积技术的研究进展，并对时域相干合成的不同技术路线进行了分析与比较，最后对其未来的发展方向进行了梳理，为相关领域的研究提供参考。
Abstract:Temporal coherent combination further extends the pulse duration by assembling many pulses in a train passed through the amplifier into one output pulse, which can improve the peak power and pulse energy effectively and avoid nonlinear effects excited by the high peak power in the amplification. Spatial and temporal pulse combination can overcome limitations in single fiber laser, potentially leading to higher pulse energy, average power and peak power of ultrafast pulses currently only available from bulk amplifiers with low repetition rates. In this paper, the principles and key technologies of temporal coherent combination of ultrafast pulses in fiber lasers are introduced. The current status of temporal coherent combination and their technologies are reviewed. Recent progress of Divided Pulse Amplification (DPA) and Coherent Pulse Stacking (CPS) is emphasized. Different technical ways are compared and analyzed. Several future perspectives are pointed out. The paper can be a reference for research on temporal coherent combination of chirped pulses.
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Key words:
- fiber laser /
- ultra-short pulse /
- temporal coherent combination /
- chirped pulse
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图 21 基于4+4 GTI腔的脉冲相干堆积参数容差的理论模拟。脉冲对比度随腔相位、脉冲相位以及脉冲强度扰动的增大而下降[70]
Figure 21. Simulations illustrating the tolerances of the coherent pulse stacking parameters for 4+4 GTIs. Achievable pre-pulse contrast degrades in the presence of cavity phase errors, pulse phase errors, or pulse intensity errors[70]
表 1 超短脉冲DPA代表性研究结果
Table 1. Representative results of DPA of ultra-short pulsed lasers
year institution technical solution results 2017 Friedrich-Schiller-Universität,
Jena, GermanyEDPA, free space delay lines N=4, tp=190 ps, fRR=135 kHz, J=3.4 μJ, η=82.7%;
N=8, tp=190 ps, fRR=1075 kHz, η=76.8%[47]2019 Friedrich-Schiller-Universität,
Jena, GermanyEDPA+active CBC,
free space delay linesN×M=8×12, tp=235 fs, Pave=674 W, fRR=25 kHz, J= 23 mJ,
ηcomb = 71%, ηtemp=85%, ηsys=56%[65]2020 Peking University, China EDPA, free space delay lines N=128, fRR=200 kHz, η=35%[59] 2023 Friedrich-Schiller-Universität,
Jena, GermanyEDPA+active CBC,
free space delay linesN×M=8×16, tp=158 fs, Pave=703 W, fRR=20 kHz, J= 32 mJ,
ηcomb = 86%, ηtemp=90%,ηsys=77%[66]
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表 2 超短脉冲CPS代表性研究结果
Table 2. Representative results of CPS of ultra-short pulsed lasers
year institution technical solution results 2015 University of Michigan, USA Gires-Tournois interferometers N=5, tp=700 fs, fRR=10 kHz, J=μJ level, η= 97.4%[48] 2016 University of Michigan, USA 4+1 Gires-Tournois interferometers N=27, tp=330 fs, η=50%[62] 2017 University of Michigan, USA 4+4 Gires-Tournois interferometers N=81, tp=300 fs, fRR=1 kHz, J=multi-mJ, η=35%[63] 2018 Tsinghua University 2+1 Gires-Tournois interferometers N=15, tp=10 ps, fRR=98 kHz, η= 76%[69] 2021 University of Michigan, USA 4+4 Gires-Tournois interferometers N=81, tp=1 ns, J=4μJ, η=70.5%[70]
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