基于PFN-Marx技术的紧凑型重频脉冲功率源

A compact PFN-Marx repetitive pulsed power source

  • 摘要: 针对低磁场相对论磁控管高功率微波器件实验驱动需求,对基于脉冲形成网络(PFN)储能的高功率脉冲产生技术进行了研究。为了使其结构紧凑且具有较好的输出脉冲波形,设计了半环形PFN脉冲形成单元,两个半环形带状PFN与一体化开关、绝缘盘组成圆环形高压脉冲产生模块。PFN脉冲形成单元由13个陶瓷电容与半环形金属电极板构成,多个高压脉冲产生模块同轴层叠,所有开关导通后各模块PFN串联放电,产生快前沿高功率方波脉冲,再通过对触发开关和充电电源的同步控制实现重频工作。采用电磁仿真软件对PFN物理结构进行优化设计,研制的高压脉冲产生模块充电51 kV在负载8.5 Ω上输出电压峰值49.6 kV、脉冲半高宽108 ns、脉冲前沿14 ns、平顶(90%~90%)74 ns,具有较好的方波特性;11个高压脉冲产生模块层叠集成为1个22级紧凑PFN-Marx装置,在充电51 kV的条件下,84 Ω负载上获得峰值516 kV的高电压脉冲输出,半高宽104 ns、平顶63 ns、脉冲前沿11 ns,实现了20 Hz连续15 s重频稳定工作,输出波形完全一致。

     

    Abstract: A compact repetitive pulse power source is developed as an experimental platform for high power relativistic magnetron with low magnetic field. To obtain better output pulse waveform with a compact structure, the pulsed power source designed based on PFN-Marx technology has a coaxial structure. A circular pulse forming net (PFN) is devised out with the impedance of 4 Ω, working voltage of 50 kV, and electrical length of 53 ns, consisting of 13 ceramic capacitors with the capacitance of 1nF. Two PFN devices in series by a gas switch and an insulation plate form a circular high-voltage pulse generation module. Multiple pulse generation modules are coaxial and stacked in a metal cylinder. Inductive isolation is used between the modules. After all switches are turned on, all modules are discharged in series to generate a fast rising-time high-power square wave pulse. Moreover, repetitive operation is achieved through synchronous control of the trigger switch and charging power supply. In experiments the 22-stage PFN-Marx pulsed power source developed was charged to 51 kV, and a high-voltage square wave pulse of 516 kV was obtained on a load of 84 Ω, with pulse width (FWHM) of 104 ns, flat top of 63 ns and rising-time of 11 ns. This power source can operate stably at a repetition rate of 20 Hz for 15 s.

     

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