Design and verification of electron optical system for 140 GHz folded waveguide travelling wave tube
-
摘要: 设计了一种140 GHz折叠波导行波管电子光学系统,利用三维粒子仿真软件Opera-3D对考虑热初速效应的圆形电子注在周期永磁聚焦系统内传输状态进行了仿真分析,并对磁场过渡区进行了优化设计,改善电子注与磁场的匹配效果。经计算,该电子光学系统阴极发射电流60 mA,阴极电压20 kV,流通率99.9%。样管测试结果显示,电子枪参数与设计结果相符合,实测流通率达到97.2%,行波管实现连续波稳定工作。Abstract: In this paper, the electron optical system for 140 GHz folded waveguide travelling wave tube (FTWT) is designed. The electron beam considering the thermal velocity effect in periodic permanent magnetic (PPM) focusing system is simulated and optimized by using the particle simulation software Opera-3D. The magnetic field is optimized to improve the matching effect between electron beam and PPM. The current of electron optical system is 60 mA when the anode voltage is 20 kV, and the simulation shows that the transmission efficiency is improved to 99.9%. In the experiment of sample tube, the parameters of the electron gun are in agreement with the design results. When the travelling wave tube (TWT) works in DC mode, about 97.2% of the electron beam reaches the collector.
-
表 1 电子枪基本参数
Table 1. Parameters of electron gun
beam voltage/
kVbeam current/
mAperveance/
μPcompression
ratiocathode radius/
mmcathode radius of
curvature/mm−20 60 0.021 41.9 0.55 7 表 2 实测与仿真对比
Table 2. Comparison between measurement and simulation
beam voltage/kV beam current/mA Bz/T transmission ratio/% measurement −19.45 59.8 0.6 97.2 simulation −20 60 0.57 99.9 -
[1] 冯进军, 蔡军, 胡银富, 等. 折叠波导慢波结构太赫兹真空器件研究[J]. 中国电子科学研究院学报, 2009, 4(3):249-254 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5692.2009.03.005Feng Jinjun, Cai Jun, Hu Yinfu, et al. THz vacuum electronics devices using folded waveguide slow wave structure[J]. Journal of China Academy of Electronics and Information Technology, 2009, 4(3): 249-254 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5692.2009.03.005 [2] 蔡军, 冯进军. 太赫兹行波管及其通信应用进展[J]. 真空电子技术, 2021, 34(3):10-18,40Cai Jun, Feng Jinjun. THz TWT and its application progress in communication[J]. Vacuum Electronics, 2021, 34(3): 10-18,40 [3] 雷文强, 蒋艺, 胡林林, 等. 0.14 THz折叠波导行波管的设计与实验[J]. 太赫兹科学与电子信息学报, 2014, 12(3):334-338Lei Wenqiang, Jiang Yi, Hu Linlin, et al. Design and experiment for 0.14 THz folded waveguide traveling wave tubes[J]. Journal of Terahertz Science and Electronic Information Technology, 2014, 12(3): 334-338 [4] 蒋艺, 雷文强, 胡林林, 等. 0.14 THz行波管的设计与实验研究[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2014, 26(12):168-170 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201426.123101Jiang Yi, Lei Wenqiang, Hu Linlin, et al. Design and experiments of 0.14 THz traveling-wave tubes[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2014, 26(12): 168-170 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201426.123101 [5] Cai Jinchi, Hu Linlin, Ma Guowu, et al. Design and experimental study of beam optical system for 220 GHz folded waveguide BWO[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2015, 27: 043101. doi: 10.11884/HPLPB201527.043101 [6] 刘昱江. D波段折叠波导行波管研究[D]. 成都: 电子科技大学, 2022Liu Yujiang. Research on D-band folded waveguide traveling wave tube[D]. Chengdu: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2022 [7] 李莹, 边兴旺, 张琳, 等. G波段行波管电子枪设计与实验[J]. 太赫兹科学与电子信息学报, 2023, 21(7):895-900 doi: 10.11805/TKYDA2021433Li Ying, Bian Xingwang, Zhang Lin, et al. Design and experiment research on electron gun of G band traveling wave tube[J]. Journal of Terahertz Science and Electronic Information Technology, 2023, 21(7): 895-900 doi: 10.11805/TKYDA2021433 [8] Vaughan J R M. Synthesis of the Pierce gun[J]. IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 1981, 28(1): 37-41. doi: 10.1109/T-ED.1981.20279 [9] 曾造金, 胡芯瑞, 蒋艺, 等. 220 GHz均匀永磁聚焦行波管电子光学系统的设计与实验研究[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2020, 32:083002 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.200062Zeng Zaojin, Hu Xinrui, Jiang Yi, et al. Uniform permanent magnetic focusing electron optical system for 220 GHz travelling wave tube[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2020, 32: 083002 doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202032.200062 [10] 张芳, 董志伟, 陈洪斌, 等. 太赫兹FWG-TWT电子光学系统的数值模拟验证[J]. 太赫兹科学与电子信息学报, 2018, 16(1):27-30Zhang Fang, Dong Zhiwei, Chen Hongbin, et al. Simulation and verification of the optics system of micro-electronic vacuum FWG-TWT[J]. Journal of Terahertz Science and Electronic Information Technology, 2018, 16(1): 27-30 [11] 电子管设计手册编辑委员会. 微波管电子光学系统设计手册[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 1981Electronic tube design handbook editorial committee. Microwave tube electron optics system design handbook[M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 1981 [12] Gilmour Jr A S. Klystrons, traveling wave tubes, magnetrons, crossed-field amplifiers, and gyrotrons[M]. Boston: Artech House, 2011.