Precision-guided ammunition for electromagnetic railguns is gradually becoming a key area of competition among nations, which imposes new requirements on fuzes for electromagnetic railgun ammunition. Modern fuzes contain a large number of electronic components, and during the launch of electromagnetic railgun projectiles, the fuze is exposed to strong magnetic fields. These fields can interfere with the fuze's electronic components, leading to malfunctions or even damage. As a result, most mature electromagnetic railguns currently use kinetic energy projectiles or mechanical fuzes.

A reasonable arrangement of the fuze circuit module can reduce the structural thickness and weight of the electromagnetic shielding shell for the fuze circuit, while effectively ensuring the performance of the fuze circuit.

In this paper, a quasi-steady-state simulation model of the electromagnetic railgun is established. The electromagnetic induction performance of the circuit module under two different arrangement schemes is calculated and analyzed. The responses such as the magnetic field distribution, induced current, electromagnetic volume force density, and induced electromotive force on the fuze circuit module are obtained respectively.

When the fuze circuit module is arranged parallel to the projectile axis, although the overall magnetic field strength is greater than when it is arranged perpendicular to the projectile axis, the peak magnetic field strength in the perpendicular arrangement covers an entire surface of the circuit board, whereas in the parallel arrangement, the peak magnetic field strength is only at the edge of the circuit module’s end. When the fuze circuit module is arranged parallel to the projectile axis, the induced eddy current, electromagnetic volume force density, and induced electromotive force are all significantly smaller than those in the perpendicular arrangement.

For the fuze circuit module of electromagnetic railgun ammunition, arranging it parallel to the projectile axis can more effectively reduce the impact of the electromagnetic field during launch. Additionally, sensitive components should be avoided being placed at the ends and edges of the circuit module. This can greatly reduce the structural size, thickness and, weight of the shell for electromagnetic shielding of the fuze circuit components, so as to optimize the overall structure of the fuze and reduce the total weight of the fuze.