Abstract:
Background Power equipment ports exhibit significant variations in characteristics, resulting in severe waveform distortion and low coupling efficiency, especially when operating at high voltages. Traditional testing methodologies in powered states present risks of system failures, complicating the evaluation of equipment resilience under such conditions. Notably, there is a lack of established testing methods or platforms for assessing the effects of high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) on power equipment, both domestically and internationally.
Purpose This study aims to explore the physical interactions between power systems and HEMP current injection test systems, ultimately developing a novel testing method to evaluate the impact of HEMP on power equipment safely and effectively.
Methods We propose a pulse disturbance loading method predicated on an equivalent "zero potential," which addresses significant limitations related to insulation withstand voltage and power capacity in existing pulse sources that struggle with power frequency voltages. The method allows for phase-controllable loading of nanosecond pulses onto millisecond-level power frequency signals. This approach enhances the coupling efficiency between the pulse source output and the power equipment, facilitating accurate measurements.
Results The implementation of this novel loading method successfully captures strong electromagnetic pulse phenomena and establishes threshold data for power equipment, simulating conditions closely aligned with real operational scenarios. This advancement significantly improves the reliability of test results in understanding equipment behavior under HEMP exposure.
Conclusions The developed pulse disturbance loading method offers a promising solution for evaluating the effects of HEMP on power equipment, addressing previously encountered challenges in testing. This research contributes to the establishment of reliable testing protocols for assessing the resilience of power systems against HEMP threats, ultimately enhancing the safety and robustness of critical infrastructure.
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