Abstract:
Background Radar protective enclosures often attenuate electromagnetic waves and reduce the received signal level, especially in high-frequency shallow-layer detection. This attenuation can narrow the usable bandwidth and weaken target responses in practical deployments.
Purpose This study aims to design a miniaturized, high-transmittance Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) that restores transmission through an enclosure while keeping a compact unit cell for integration and manufacturing.
Methods We designed a resonant unit that coupled upper and lower metal patches with a metal grid. We used an equivalent-circuit model to describe the structure and to link physical geometry to coupling capacitance and resonance. We then ran full-wave simulations to quantify transmission, bandwidth, and electrical size. We fabricated samples and measured them with microwave test equipment to verify the simulated response under realistic conditions.
Results The simulations showed stable transmission above 90% across the 9.5–10.5 GHz. The design achieved miniaturization, and the unit electrical size was approximately one-thirteenth of the operating wavelength. The measurements confirmed transmission above 90% across 9.6–10.3 GHz. The measured curves matched the simulated trends and resonant features, which supported the circuit-based interpretation.
Conclusions The proposed miniaturized FSS provides high transmission with a compact footprint and good practical tolerance to deployment constraints. It offers a direct design reference for high-frequency radar enclosures require both electromagnetic transparency and structural compatibility.
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