TT-1装置垂直场电源大功率脉冲电感温升特性研究

Research on temperature rise characteristics of high-power pulse inductor for vertical field power supply of TT-1 device

  • 摘要: 脉冲电感是托卡马克磁体电源系统中的关键设备,主要用于调节输出电流波形,以满足等离子体放电过程中的磁场控制需求。针对脉冲电感在大电流、连续多次脉冲运行工况下存在温升累积的问题,本文基于其理论参数和实际运行工况,构建了脉冲电感温升计算模型,获得了脉冲电感温升与损耗,并采用Ansys建立三维有限元模型,对脉冲电感的磁场分布、电流密度分布及温度场分布进行仿真分析。同时,考虑不同脉冲间隔时间对连续脉冲温升累积和散热效果的影响,分析了脉冲电感在额定工况下的热稳定性。最后,开展温升实验,并将实验结果与理论计算和仿真结果进行对比。在 4.7 kA脉冲电流、环境温度20 ℃、连续100次脉冲、脉冲间隔3 min条件下,仿真最高温度为 38.13 ℃,累计温升为18.12 K;实验中在峰值电流额定工况下连续 100次后累计温升为 19.4 K。结果表明,脉冲电感在额定连续脉冲工况下温升处于允许范围内,仿真结果与实验结果变化趋势基本一致,验证了理论设计和有限元模型的合理性。研究结果可为托卡马克磁体电源用大电流脉冲电感的设计与可靠运行提供参考。

     

    Abstract:
    Background The pulse inductor is a key component in the magnet power supply system of a tokamak, where it is mainly used to regulate the output current waveform to satisfy the magnetic field control requirements during plasma discharge.
    Purpose To address the temperature-rise accumulation of the pulse inductor under high-current and repetitive pulse operation, this study establishes a temperature-rise calculation model based on the theoretical parameters and practical operating conditions of the pulse inductor, and evaluates its temperature rise and power loss.
    Methods A three-dimensional finite element model of the pulse inductor is developed in Ansys to simulate and analyze its magnetic field distribution, current density distribution, and temperature field distribution. The influence of different pulse intervals on temperature-rise accumulation and heat dissipation during repetitive pulse operation is further investigated, and the thermal stability of the pulse inductor under rated operating conditions is evaluated. Temperature-rise experiments are also carried out, and the experimental results are compared with the theoretical calculation and simulation results.
    Results Under the conditions of a 4.7 kA pulse current, an ambient temperature of 20 ℃, 100 consecutive pulses, and a pulse interval of 3 min, the simulated maximum temperature of the pulse inductor is 38.13 ℃, and the cumulative temperature rise is 18.12 K. The results show that the temperature rise of the pulse inductor remains within the allowable range under rated repetitive pulse conditions. In addition, the simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results in terms of variation trend, verifying the rationality of the theoretical design and the finite element model.
    Conclusions The proposed temperature-rise calculation method and finite element simulation model can effectively evaluate the thermal characteristics and thermal stability of high-current pulse inductors, providing a reference for the design and reliable operation of pulse inductors used in tokamak magnet power supply systems.

     

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