Background Mechanical phase shifter can withstand gigawatt-level instantaneous power and therefore still play an important role in the field of high-power microwaves. Due to limitations in mechanical structure and motor performance, current high-power mechanical phase shifter faces a conflict between rapid response and precise positioning.

Purpose This study proposes a drive solution that integrates precision mechanical transmission with advanced control algorithms to achieve rapid and accurate positioning.

Method The hardware system employs a BLDC motor as the primary drive unit, combined with a high-precision screw-nut transmission mechanism with a 2 mm lead. This setup efficiently converts the motor's rotational motion into precise linear displacement of a short-stroke piston, enabling continuous adjustment of the electromagnetic-wave phase. The control system, built on a high-performance ARM processor, adopts a position–velocity–current triple-loop coordinated control architecture. By incorporating adaptive velocity feedforward compensation and an optimal trajectory planning algorithm, it effectively suppresses nonlinear friction and inertial lag in the transmission process, significantly improving dynamic response performance.

Results The system reaches the 0 °-360 ° target position within 0.083 s with an accuracy of ±0.78°. Owing to the oscillatory characteristics of the motor, the position continues to converge slowly, and the maximum residual error is reduced to 0.21° at 0.09 s.

Conclusion The drive system achieves full-stroke precise positioning within 0.09 s and enables continuous phase adjustment from 0° to 360°, with positioning errors controlled within ±0.78°. The system exhibits fast response, high positioning accuracy, and strong robustness, providing an effective technical solution for the engineering application of high-power phase shifter.