国防科技大学脉冲功率技术研究进展(特邀)

Recent studies on pulsed power technology in National University of Defense Technology (invited)

  • 摘要: 脉冲功率技术的实质是将脉冲能量在时空尺度上进行压缩,在极短时间内获得高峰值功率和高能量密度输出,为高科技装置和新概念武器提供脉冲能源,或创造极端电磁环境。国防科技大学高功率微波技术研究所长期致力于基于脉冲功率技术的强流相对论电子束产生,并以此为驱动开展高功率微波(High Power Microwave, HPM)技术研究工作。近十年来,单位围绕高功率脉冲驱动源的紧凑化、长寿命和固态化等方向开展了系统性研究。本文对相关进展进行了综述,重点介绍了国防科技大学在高储能密度介质脉冲调制技术、Marx发生器技术和固态脉冲调制技术等主要技术路线方面的最新研究进展和未来发展方向。

     

    Abstract: With the rapid advancement of pulsed power technology, there is an increasing demand for compact, long-lifetime, and solid-state high-power pulse drivers to meet the requirements of modern high-tech devices and directed-energy systems, such as applications for flash radiography, Z-pinch, High Power Microwave (HPM), electromagnetic launch, and industrial processing, etc. National University of Defense Technology (NUDT) has long been dedicated to research on generating intense relativistic electron beams using pulsed high voltage for driving HPM sources. This study aims to review the recent progress and future trends in high power pulse driver technology at NUDT. Over the past decade, extensive research has been conducted, leading to significant advancements in compressing energy in time and space to generate high voltage pulse, mainly including three key technical approaches: high energy density dielectric pulse modulation, Marx generator technology, and solid-state pulse modulation technology. All technical routes continuously focus on comprehensive performance metrics, such as power-to-weight ratio, waveform quality, service life, system efficiency, operational jitter, online monitoring and cost control, to promote the applicability of pulse drivers in a wider range of complex scenarios. The review demonstrate great potential for developing next-generation pulsed power systems, providing robust solutions for creating extreme electromagnetic environments and enhancing the capabilities of advanced radar and directed-energy applications.

     

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