Abstract:
Background The early-stage development of novel energetic materials is commonly constrained by synthesis routes and limited production scales, with many compounds available only in microgram-to-milligram quantities. Such limited availability makes it difficult to meet the specimen size and mass requirements of conventional flyer-impact experiments, thereby restricting early equation-of-state (EOS) characterization of newly synthesized compounds.
Purpose This study aims to overcome this sample-size limitation by conducting laser-driven shock Hugoniot measurements on small energetic-material crystals, and to validate the associated loading, diagnostic, and state-reconstruction techniques.
Methods Single-crystal 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB), a representative insensitive high explosive, was selected as the model material. Planar shocks were generated on the SG-III prototype laser facility by shaped long-pulse laser loading. Hugoniot states of the small TATB crystals were reconstructed by combining VISAR velocity interferometry, unsteady-shock correction, and impedance matching with a standard material.
Results Shock Hugoniot data were obtained over a pressure range of 18–65 GPa. The resulting shock-velocity versus particle-velocity relation is consistent, within the measurement uncertainties, with previous Omega-EP experimental data and theoretical EOS calculations.
Conclusions The developed laser-driven loading, diagnostic, and state-reconstruction approach is demonstrated to be applicable and reliable at the SG-III prototype laser facility for small energetic-material samples. This work provides a technical basis for future EOS measurements of other novel energetic materials available only as small samples.
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