Abstract: The one-dimensional microwave photonic crystal (MPC) composed of alternating multilayer media is studied. Transmission matrix technique is used to theoretically analyze the influence of period number, wave incidence angle, medium’s relative dielectric constant and dielectric sheet thickness on its frequency selection characteristics. Finally, a feasible MPC frequency selective surface is designed, whose energy reflectance in 3.2～4.0 GHz and transmittance in 9.5～9.7 GHz are greater than 0.99 and 0.98, respectively.