Research on mechanism of transparent cathode in relativistic magnetron
-
摘要: 透明阴极技术对相对论磁控管振荡启动过程具有显著影响，但其加速启动过程的作用机理仍有待深入研究。对采用扇形单元透明阴极的L波段相对论磁控管进行数值模拟，分析了场分布模式和带电粒子空间运动规律，发现透明阴极与实心阴极在磁控管振荡启动过程的差异。可见透明阴极带来的静电场角向分量与外加轴向磁场引起的洛伦兹力，对初始工作状态的电子具有向阳极加速漂移的作用。采用透明阴极的相对论磁控管的电子轮辐外缘更贴近阳极，群聚电子在轴向上具有随距离连续变化的速度分布，使得电子与高频电磁场的能量交换更加充分。对扇形阴极单元的个数与张角组合的匹配效果进行了模拟，给出了磁控管振荡建立阶段静电场角向分量对阴极电子发射与漂移运动的作用规律。透明阴极的设计需要与磁控管慢波结构相匹配，以得到最优化的工作状态。Abstract: It is confirmed that transparent cathode technology has a significant influence on oscillation start-up process in relativistic magnetron, while the fast start-up mechanism is under further evaluation. Electromagnetic field distribution and charged particle motion were simulated in an L-band relativistic magnetron with transparent cathode. Results show a great difference between solid cathode and transparent cathode. Both electrostatic field distribution and electron spoke are modulated by transparent cathode structure. To obtain an optimal operating state, transparent cathode and relativistic magnetron should be matched in a proper configuration.
-
图 1 静电场分布
Figure 1. Electrostatic field distributions
left: solid cathode; middle: 3-unit transparent cathode; right: 6-unit transparent cathode
图 2 粒子轨迹统计
Figure 2. Particle motion statistics
left: solid cathode; middle: 3-unit transparent cathode; right: 6-unit transparent cathode
图 5 三单元透明阴极光滑磁控管中的静电场角向分量分布
Figure 5. E-field azimuthal component distribution along observing curves in smoothbore magnetron with 3-unit transparent cathode
图 6 六单元透明阴极光滑磁控管中的静电场角向分量分布
Figure 6. E-field azimuthal component distribution along observing curves in smoothbore magnetron with 6-unit transparent cathode
图 8 三单元透明阴极磁控管中沿参考线的静电场强度角向分量变化规律
Figure 8. E-field distribution along observing curve in magnetron with 3-unit transparent cathode
表 1 单元张角变化时3扇形单元透明阴极RM的振荡建立时间
Table 1. Start-up duration of 3-unit transparent cathode RM with different unit flare angle
No. flare angle/（°） duration/ns 1 10 27.88 2 20 28.60 3 30 25.95 4 40 21.44 5 50 19.09 6 60 20.47 7 70 19.76 8 80 14.91 9 90 16.33 10 100 13.24 11 110 12.10 12 solid cathode 19.87 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 单元张角变化时6扇形单元透明阴极RM的振荡建立时间
Table 2. Start-up duration of 6-unit transparent cathode RM with different unit flare angle
No. flare angle/（°） duration/ns 1 10 22.23 2 20 17.40 3 30 13.81 4 40 14.66 5 50 13.69 6 solid cathode 19.88
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] Fuks M, Schamiloglu E. Rapid start of oscillations in a magnetron with a "transparent" cathode[J]. Physical Review Letters, 2005, 95: 205101. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.205101 [2] Bosman H L, Fuks M I, Prasad S, et al. Improvement of the output characteristics of magnetrons using the transparent cathode[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2006, 34(3): 606-619. doi: 10.1109/TPS.2006.875771 [3] Fuks M, Prasad S, Schamiloglu E. Increased efficiency and faster turn-on in magnetrons using the transparent cathode[C]//2010 International Conference on the Origins and Evolution of the Cavity Magnetron. 2010: 76-81. [4] Fuks M I, Schamiloglu E. 70% efficient relativistic magnetron with axial extraction of radiation through a horn antenna[J]. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2010, 38(6): 1302-1312. doi: 10.1109/TPS.2010.2042823 [5] Prasad S, Roybal M, Buchenauer C J, et al. Experimental verification of the advantages of the transparent cathode in a short-pulse magnetron[C]//2009 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference. 2009: 81-85. [6] Prasad S. Fast start of oscillations in a short-pulse relativistic magnetron driven by a transparent cathode[D]. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico, 2011. [7] Bowers L, Fleming T, Mardahl P, et al. Improvement of the output characteristics of a relativistic magnetron using a small diameter cathode surrounded by a transparent cathode[C]//2006 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference held Jointly with 2006 IEEE International Vacuum Electron Sources. 2006: 565-566. [8] Fleming T, Mardahl P, Bowers L, et al. Three dimensional PIC simulations of the transparent and eggbeater cathodes in the Michigan relativistic magnetron[C]//2006 IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference Held Jointly with 2006 IEEE International Vacuum Electron Sources. 2006: 345-346. [9] Mendonca C, Prasad S, Schamiloglu E, et al. 3D ICEPIC simulations of a pulsed relativistic magnetron with transparent cathode: a comparative study[C]//2011 IEEE Pulsed Power Conference. 2011: 823-828. [10] 苏黎, 李天明, 李家胤. 相对论磁控管透明阴极的仿真与实验[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2011, 23(11):3039-3042. (Su Li, Li Tianming, Li Jiayin. Simulation and experiment on transparent cathode for relativistic magnetron[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2011, 23(11): 3039-3042 doi: 10.3788/HPLPB20112311.3039 [11] 苏黎. 透明阴极相对论磁控管的仿真与实验研究[D]. 成都: 电子科技大学, 2012: 51-55Su Li. Simulation and experimental research on transparent cathode relativistic magnetron[D]. Chengdu: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2012: 51-55 [12] 姜亚群, 李天明, 郝晶龙. 透明阴极实现相对论磁控管跳频的仿真[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2016, 28(3):11-14. (Jiang Yaqun, Li Tianming, Hao Jinglong. Simulation of frequency hopping of relativistic magnetron based on transparent cathode[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2016, 28(3): 11-14 doi: http://www.hplpb.com.cn/article/doi/10.11884/HPLPB201628.033003 [13] 杨秀莹. L波段透明阴极相对论磁控管的研究[D]. 成都: 电子科技大学, 2019: 62-67.Yang Xiuying. Research on L-band transparent cathode relativistic magnetron[D]. Chengdu: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 2019: 62-67 [14] Li Wei, Liu Yonggui, Zhang Jun, et al. Effects of the transparent cathode on the performance of a relativistic magnetron with axial radiation[J]. Review of Scientific Instruments, 2012, 83: 024707. doi: 10.1063/1.3681445 [15] 杨温渊, 董烨, 董志伟. 新型全腔输出半透明阴极相对论磁控管的理论和数值研究[J]. 物理学报, 2016, 65:248401. (Yang Wenyuan, Dong Ye, Dong Zhiwei. Theoretical and numerical investigations of the novel relativistic magnetron using all-cavity output and semi-transparent cathode[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2016, 65: 248401 doi: 10.7498/aps.65.248401 [16] 杨郁林, 董志伟. 改进型渐变输出透明阴极相对论磁控管研究[C]//全国信息与电子工程第五届学术年会暨四川省电子学会曙光分会第十六届学术年会论文集. 2012: 232-238Yang Yulin, Dong Zhiwei. Research on improved transparent cathode relativistic magnetron with gradual output[C]//5th Annual Conference on Information and Electronic Engineering of China. 2012: 232-238 [17] Liu Meiqin, Huang Z, Fuks M I, et al. Investigation of the operating characteristics of a 12 stepped-cavity relativistic magnetron with axial extraction driven by an “F” transparent cathode using particle-in-cell simulations[J]. Physics of Plasmas, 2016, 23: 089903. doi: 10.1063/1.4960996 -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 1030
- HTML全文浏览量: 368
- PDF下载量: 81
- 被引次数: 0
